How to Determine Acceleration from a Velocity-Time Graph?

In summary: Keep in mind that the graph is not very accurate, so the values may differ slightly from the actual ones. Also, for part (c), the acceleration is zero at t=6s. In summary, the graph in Figure P2.17 shows the motion of a motorcyclist starting from rest and moving along a straight line. The average acceleration for the time interval t = 0 to t = 6.00 s is 2m/s^2. The time at which the acceleration has its greatest positive value is estimated to be at t = 3s with a value of approximately 2m/s^2. The acceleration is zero at t = 6s. The maximum negative value of the acceleration is estimated to occur
  • #1
Alexanddros81
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4

Homework Statement


Serway Physics Section 2.4 Acceleration

17. Figure P2.17 shows a graph of ##v_x## versus t for the motion of a
motorcyclist as he starts from rest and moves along the road in a straight
line. (a) Find the average acceleration for the time interval t = 0 to t = 6.00 s.
(b) Estimate the time at which the acceleration has its greatest positive
value and the value of the acceleration at that instant. (c) When is the
acceleration zero? (d) Estimate the maximum negative value of the acceleration
and the time at which it occurs.

Homework Equations



Serway Physics Figure P2_17.jpg


The Attempt at a Solution



Serway Physics 2_17001.jpg


At part (b) i don't know how to find the value of the acceleration at t = 3s.
Any hints?
 

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  • #2
Estimate the slope of the graph at 3s. Consider the points at 2s and 4s.
 
  • #3
So I calculate the average acceleration for t = 2s to t = 4s?

##a_{avg} = \frac {v_{xf} - v_{xi}} {t_{f} - t_{i}} = \frac {6 m/s - 2 m/s} {4s - 2s} = \frac {4m/s} {2s} = 2m/s^2##

Is this correct?
 
  • #4
Looks like a good estimate. The actual acceleration at 3s will be a bit greater, but not much, to judge from the graph.
 
  • #5
So for part (d) the maximum negative acceleration is at t=8s
and the value is given by ##a_{avg} = \frac {v_{xf} - v_{xi}} {t_{f} - t_{i}} = \frac {5 m/s - 8 m/s} {9s - 7s} = \frac {-3m/s} {2s} = -1.5m/s^2##
Is this correct?
 
  • #6
Not bad approximation, I think.
 

FAQ: How to Determine Acceleration from a Velocity-Time Graph?

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. In simpler terms, it is the measure of how quickly an object's velocity is changing.

How is acceleration calculated?

Acceleration is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the change in time. The formula for acceleration is a = (vf - vi)/t, where a is acceleration, vf is final velocity, vi is initial velocity, and t is time.

What is the unit of measurement for acceleration?

The unit of measurement for acceleration is meters per second squared (m/s^2) in the metric system, and feet per second squared (ft/s^2) in the imperial system.

How does a graph help in finding acceleration?

A graph can be used to visually represent the change in velocity over time, making it easier to calculate acceleration. The slope of the line on the graph represents the rate of change, which is the acceleration.

What are some real-life examples of acceleration?

Some real-life examples of acceleration include a car speeding up or slowing down, a roller coaster going up or down a hill, and a person jumping into the air and then landing back on the ground. Essentially, any time an object's velocity changes, it is experiencing acceleration.

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