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Hornbein
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Isaac Newton did it without trig functions.
Pi can be estimated using geometric methods, such as the Monte Carlo method, or by using series expansions, such as the Leibniz formula.
The Monte Carlo method involves randomly generating points within a square and counting the number of points that fall within a quarter circle inscribed within the square. The ratio of points within the quarter circle to the total number of points can be used to estimate pi.
The accuracy of the Monte Carlo method depends on the number of points generated. The more points that are used, the closer the estimate will be to the actual value of pi. However, it is important to note that this method can only provide an approximation and not an exact value.
The Leibniz formula is a series expansion that can be used to approximate pi. It involves adding or subtracting alternating fractions in a specific pattern, and as more terms are added, the estimate becomes more accurate.
Yes, pi can also be estimated using physical methods, such as measuring the circumference and diameter of a circle and dividing the circumference by the diameter. However, this method will only provide an approximation and not an exact value of pi.