A thermocouple generates energy through the Seebeck effect, which is the conversion of temperature differences into electrical voltage.
The energy generated by a thermocouple is affected by the temperature difference between the two junctions, the type of materials used, and the size and configuration of the thermocouple.
To calculate the temperature difference between the two junctions, you would need to use a temperature measuring device, such as a thermocouple thermometer or an infrared thermometer.
The formula for calculating the energy generated by a thermocouple is E = αΔT, where E is the energy, α is the Seebeck coefficient, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the two junctions.
Yes, there are limitations to using a thermocouple to generate energy. One limitation is that the energy produced is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions, so a small temperature difference will result in a small amount of energy. Additionally, thermocouples have a limited temperature range and may not be suitable for extreme temperature conditions.