If a series converges with decreasing terms, then na_n -> 0

In summary, the conversation discusses a proof that if a decreasing sequence of positive numbers converges, then the limit of n times the sequence also converges to 0. However, the initial argument provided is flawed and the participants discuss potential solutions to fix it. A potential solution is referenced and the conversation is referred to a longer discussion on the topic.
  • #1
Mr Davis 97
1,462
44

Homework Statement


Prove that if ##(a_n)## is a decreasing sequence of positive numbers and ##\sum a_n## converges, then ##\lim na_n = 0##

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


Let ##\epsilon >0##. By the Cauchy criterion there exists an ##N\in \mathbb{N}## such that ##\forall n\ge m\ge N##, we have that ##|\sum_{k=m+1}^{n}a_k|<\epsilon##. But the sequence is decreasing, so ##|(n-m)a_n|\le |\sum_{k=m+1}^{n}a_k|<\epsilon##. So we have that ##|na_n-ma_n|<\epsilon## for all ##\epsilon>0##. So ##na_n=ma_n## for all ##n\ge m\ge N##. Since the tails of these sequence are the same eventually, they have the same limit. Since ##\sum a_n## converges, we see that ##\lim ma_n = 0##. Hence ##\lim n a_n = 0##.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
That argument doesn't work. Given ##\epsilon > 0## there exists ##N## such that...
The problem is that the ##N## depends on ##\epsilon##. So the (obviously false) conclusion that ##na_n = ma_n## for all ##n\ge m## doesn't follow. Try again.
 
  • #3
LCKurtz said:
That argument doesn't work. Given ##\epsilon > 0## there exists ##N## such that...
The problem is that the ##N## depends on ##\epsilon##. So the (obviously false) conclusion that ##na_n = ma_n## for all ##n\ge m## doesn't follow. Try again.
I guess that conclusion is obviously false when I look at it now... So I have that ##|(n-m)a_n|<\epsilon##. How can I get rid of that ##m## to get my result? Is there something simple that I am overlooking?
 

FAQ: If a series converges with decreasing terms, then na_n -> 0

1. What does it mean for a series to converge?

A series converges if the sum of its terms approaches a finite value as the number of terms increases.

2. How do you know if a series has decreasing terms?

A series has decreasing terms if each subsequent term is smaller than the previous one. This can be determined by looking at the general form of the terms, such as a_n = 1/n, or by comparing each term to the previous one.

3. What is the significance of a series converging with decreasing terms?

A series converging with decreasing terms suggests that the series is approaching a finite value and will not continue to increase indefinitely. This can be helpful in analyzing and predicting the behavior of the series.

4. How does the limit na_n -> 0 relate to a series converging with decreasing terms?

The limit na_n -> 0 means that as the number of terms increases, the product of the term and its position in the series approaches 0. This is a characteristic of a series with decreasing terms, and it helps to confirm that the series is converging.

5. Are there any exceptions to the rule that a series with decreasing terms will converge to 0?

Yes, there are some rare cases where a series with decreasing terms may not converge to 0. These exceptions usually involve alternating or oscillating terms, and would require further analysis to determine the behavior of the series.

Back
Top