Integral equation Fredholm series

In summary, the conversation discusses the use of the Fredholm series to find \(D(\lambda)\) and \(\mathcal{D}(x,y;\lambda)\) for a given function \(f(x)\). The orders of \(\lambda\) are calculated and it is found that the terms above order 3 are all zero. The values of \(\int_0^1K(y,y)dy\) and \(\iint_0^1\begin{vmatrix}K(y,y) & K(y,y')\\K(y',y) & K(y',y')\end{vmatrix}dydy'\) are also calculated. The resulting functions for \(D(\lambda)\) and \(\mathcal
  • #1
Dustinsfl
2,281
5
Given
\[
f(x) = 1 + \lambda\int_0^1(xy + x^3y^2)f(y)dy.
\]
To use the Fredholm series, we need to find \(D(\lambda)\) which is \(1 - \text{order }\lambda + \cdots\). I have already calculated the orders and of order 3 and 4 the terms are 0 so the terms greater than 3 are all zero since we have repeated zeros.
\[
\text{order }\lambda:\quad\int_0^1K(y,y)dy = \frac{1}{2}
\]
and
\[
\text{order }\lambda^2:\quad\iint_0^1
\begin{vmatrix}
K(y,y) & K(y,y')\\
K(y',y) & K(y',y')
\end{vmatrix}
dydy' = \frac{1}{90}
\]
Therefore,
\[
D(\lambda) = 1 - \frac{\lambda}{2} + \frac{\lambda^2}{90}.
\]
Next we need to find \(\mathcal{D}(x,y;\lambda)\). In the Taylor series, we obtain repeated zeros after order lambda squared and lambda cubed. Again, repeated zeros so
\[
\mathcal{D}(x,y;\lambda) = K(x,y) - \lambda\int_0^1
\begin{vmatrix}
K(x,y) & K(x,z)\\
K(z,y) & K(z,z)
\end{vmatrix}dz =
-\lambda \left(\frac{x^3 y^2}{3}-\frac{x^3 y}{4}-\frac{x y^2}{5}+\frac{x y}{6}\right)+x^3 y^2+x y
\]
I get
\[
f(x) = 1 + \frac{\lambda}{D(\lambda)}\int_0^1\mathcal{D}(x,y;\lambda)dy
= \text{see second post}
\]
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
The solution I get for the Fredholm method is
\[
f(x) = 1 - 3x\lambda\frac{\lambda - 30}{180 + \lambda(2\lambda - 45)} +
5x^3\lambda\frac{\lambda + 24}{360 + 2\lambda(2\lambda - 45)},
\]
and when I use the sum of separable kernels, I get
\[
f(x) = 1 - 3x\lambda\frac{\lambda - 30}{180 + \lambda(\lambda - 90)} +
5x^3\lambda\frac{\lambda + 24}{360 + 2\lambda(\lambda - 90)},
\]
The math for the Fredholm method is above and the math for the separable kernels is in http://mathhelpboards.com/differential-equations-17/integral-equations-7278.html second post. They should yield the same result but aren't. They are just off a little. Which one is wrong? Where is there a mistake?
 

FAQ: Integral equation Fredholm series

What is an integral equation Fredholm series?

An integral equation Fredholm series is a mathematical concept used in the study of integral equations. It is a type of series expansion where the unknown function is expressed as a linear combination of known functions, and the coefficients are determined by solving the integral equation.

How is an integral equation Fredholm series different from a regular series?

An integral equation Fredholm series differs from a regular series in that it involves integrals, which are mathematical operations that involve finding the area under a curve. This allows for more complex functions to be expressed as a series, making it a useful tool in solving integral equations.

What are the applications of integral equation Fredholm series?

Integral equation Fredholm series have various applications in physics, engineering, and other fields of science. They can be used to solve problems involving heat transfer, fluid flow, and quantum mechanics, among others. They are also used in image and signal processing to analyze and manipulate data.

What are the limitations of integral equation Fredholm series?

One limitation of integral equation Fredholm series is that they may not converge for all functions. This means that they may not provide an accurate solution for certain types of integral equations. Additionally, they can be computationally intensive, requiring a significant amount of time and resources to solve.

Are there any alternatives to using integral equation Fredholm series?

Yes, there are other methods for solving integral equations, such as the method of moments and the Galerkin method. These methods may be more suitable for certain types of problems or may provide faster and more accurate solutions. It is important for scientists to consider all available methods and choose the most appropriate one for their specific problem.

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