Integration by Substitution using Partial Fractions Decomposition

In summary, the conversation discusses finding the integral of dz/(1+e^z) by substitution. The attempt at a solution involves choosing u=(1+e^z) and using the derivative and substitution rules to rewrite the integral as 1/u * du/e^z. The next step involves using partial fractions decomposition to rewrite 1/(u(u-1)) as A/u + B/(u-1) and solving for A and B.
  • #1
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Homework Statement



Integrate [tex]\int[/tex][tex]\frac{dz}{1+e^z}[/tex] by substitution

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I chose u=(1+[tex]e^{z}[/tex]) so du/dz=[tex]e^{z}[/tex] and dz=du/[tex]e^{z}[/tex].

Therefore, [tex]\int[/tex][tex]\frac{1}{u}[/tex] [tex]\frac{du}{e^{z}}[/tex]

I plug z=ln(u-1) in for z, so [tex]\int[/tex][tex]\frac{1}{u}[/tex] [tex]\frac{du}{u-1}[/tex]

From here though I don't know how to integrate. Can anyone help me with the next step?
 
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  • #2
Rewrite 1/(u(u -1)) as a sum: A/u + B/(u - 1). Solve for A and B so that the two expressions are identically equal. This is called partial fractions decomposition.
 

FAQ: Integration by Substitution using Partial Fractions Decomposition

What is integration by substitution?

Integration by substitution is a technique used in calculus to simplify and solve integrals. It involves replacing a variable in the integrand with a new variable, making the integral easier to solve.

Why is integration by substitution useful?

Integration by substitution is useful because it allows us to solve integrals that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to solve. It also helps us to find antiderivatives of functions that are not in the standard forms.

How do you perform integration by substitution?

To perform integration by substitution, follow these steps:
1. Identify the variable to be replaced in the integrand.
2. Choose a new variable to replace it with.
3. Rewrite the integrand in terms of the new variable.
4. Calculate the differential of the new variable.
5. Substitute the new variable and its differential into the integrand.
6. Simplify and solve the resulting integral using basic integration rules.
7. Finally, substitute the original variable back into the solution.

What types of integrals can be solved using integration by substitution?

Integration by substitution can be used to solve integrals involving polynomial functions, exponential functions, trigonometric functions, and other types of functions. It is most commonly used to solve integrals that involve a composition of functions.

Are there any limitations to integration by substitution?

Yes, there are limitations to integration by substitution. This method may not work for all types of integrals, and it may not always result in a simplification of the integral. In some cases, other integration techniques such as integration by parts may be more effective.

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