Is ab+cd Not Prime in This Integer Puzzle?

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In summary, this week's POTW on Integers and Primes is a mathematical problem that involves finding a solution using integers and/or prime numbers. It requires knowledge of basic math principles, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. An example problem could be finding the smallest prime number that is a factor of 24. Prior knowledge about integers and primes is helpful but not necessary, as the problem is designed to challenge and improve math skills. Tips for solving this week's POTW include breaking down the problem into smaller parts, using prime factorization and divisibility rules, and trying different approaches and strategies.
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anemone
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $a, \, b,\,c$ and $d$ be integers with $a>b>c>d>0$.

Suppose that $ac+bd=(b+d+a-c)(b+d-a+c)$.

Prove that $ab+cd$ is not prime.

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Congratulations to Olinguito for his correct solution, which you can find below!(Cool)

We have
$$ac+bd=(b+d+a-c)(b+d-a+c)=(b+d)^2-(a-c)^2=b^2+d^2-a^2-c^2+2(ac+bd)$$
$\implies\ a^2-ac+c^2\ =\ b^2+bd+d^2$.

Hence
$$\begin{array}{rcl}(ac+bd)(b^2+bd+d^2) &=& ac(b^2+bd+d^2)+bd(b^2+bd+d^2) \\ {} &=& ac(b^2+bd+d^2)+bd(a^2-ac+c^2) \\ {} &=& ab^2c+acd^2+a^2bd+bc^2d \\ {} &=& (ab+cd)(ad+bc)\end{array}$$
$\implies\ ac+bd\mid(ab+cd)(ad+bc)\ \ldots\ \boxed1$.

But $a>b$ and $c>d$ $\implies$ $(a-b)(c-d)>0$ $\implies$ $ac+bd>ad+bc\ \ldots\ \boxed2$.

Similarly $a>d$ and $b>c$ $\implies$ $(a-d)(b-c)>0$ $\implies$ $ab+cd>ac+bd\ \ldots\ \boxed3$.

If $ab+cd$ were prime, then $\boxed3$ would imply $\gcd(ab+cd,ac+bd)=1$ and then $\boxed1$ would imply $ac+bd\mid ad+bc$, contradicting $\boxed2$. It follows that $ab+cd$ cannot be prime.
 

FAQ: Is ab+cd Not Prime in This Integer Puzzle?

What is the POTW on Integers and Primes?

The POTW (Problem of the Week) on Integers and Primes is a mathematical problem that involves finding a solution using integers and prime numbers. It is a popular challenge among mathematicians and problem solvers.

How difficult is this week's POTW on Integers and Primes?

The difficulty level of the POTW on Integers and Primes can vary depending on the specific problem. Some may be easier to solve while others may require more advanced mathematical knowledge and skills. However, it is always a good opportunity to practice and improve problem-solving abilities.

Can anyone solve this week's POTW on Integers and Primes?

Yes, anyone with a basic understanding of integers and prime numbers can attempt to solve the POTW. It may require some knowledge of mathematical concepts and techniques, but with determination and perseverance, anyone can find a solution.

Are there any tips for solving this week's POTW on Integers and Primes?

Some general tips for solving any mathematical problem include carefully reading and understanding the problem, breaking it down into smaller parts, and trying different approaches. For this specific POTW, having a good understanding of prime numbers and their properties can be helpful.

What are the benefits of solving the POTW on Integers and Primes?

Solving the POTW on Integers and Primes can help improve problem-solving skills, critical thinking abilities, and mathematical knowledge. It can also be a fun and challenging activity for those interested in mathematics.

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