Is Quantum Mechanics Necessary for Understanding Water's Properties?

In summary, quantum mechanics is necessary to fully explain the properties of water, including its unusual liquid state at room temperature. Hydrogen bonding and the ability for hydrogen atoms to tunnel between molecules are key quantum mechanical factors. However, there are also classical models of water that can accurately describe some aspects of its behavior.
  • #1
Andrew Wright
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To what extent is quantum mechanics needed to explain the properties of water?

Thanks in advance.
 
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  • #2
Andrew Wright said:
To what extent is quantum mechanics needed to explain the properties of water?

Quantum mechanics is needed to explain all of the properties of atoms and molecules that underlie the properties of water.
 
  • #3
"Does anybody know of a direct quantum mechanical explanation for the existence of the triple point of water? Please, point me to a paper or book." This is a spot-on question to ask in an open forum. The one in the OP is much too general.
 
  • #4
dextercioby said:
"Does anybody know of a direct quantum mechanical explanation for the existence of the triple point of water? Please, point me to a paper or book." This is a spot-on question to ask in an open forum. The one in the OP is much too general.

Yes, I am specifically interested in the quantum mechanics behind why water is liquid at room temperature. I am told this is an unusual property caused by polarisation within the molecules, but do you need quantum mechanics? Is there a calculation, for the boiling point and what type of physics does it use?
 
  • #5
Hydrogen bonding is very important for understanding the collective behavior of water molecules, including the possibility for hydrogen atoms to tunnel from one water molecule to another. In that sense, the properties of water are very quantum mechanical.

That said, there exists pretty good classical models of water, used in molecular dynamics, that reproduce pretty well many aspects of water.
 

FAQ: Is Quantum Mechanics Necessary for Understanding Water's Properties?

What is the relationship between quantum mechanics and water?

Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of matter and energy at a very small scale, such as atoms and subatomic particles. Water, on the other hand, is a molecule made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Quantum mechanics helps us understand the properties and behavior of water at a microscopic level, such as how the atoms within a water molecule interact with each other.

Can quantum mechanics explain the unique properties of water?

Yes, quantum mechanics plays a crucial role in explaining the unique properties of water, such as its ability to exist in all three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas) at Earth's surface temperature and pressure. The quantum nature of water molecules allows them to form strong hydrogen bonds, which gives water its high surface tension, specific heat capacity, and other distinctive properties.

How does quantum mechanics affect the behavior of water molecules?

Quantum mechanics tells us that the behavior of water molecules is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics, which are different from the laws of classical physics that govern larger objects. For example, water molecules can exist in multiple energy states simultaneously, and they can also exhibit wave-like behavior, which allows them to spread out and interact with their surroundings.

What impact does quantum mechanics have on the study of water pollution?

Quantum mechanics plays a significant role in the study of water pollution by helping us understand the behavior of pollutants at a molecular level. It allows us to predict how pollutants will interact with water molecules and how they will spread and react in the environment. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective methods of water treatment and pollution control.

Can quantum mechanics help us find solutions for the global water crisis?

Yes, quantum mechanics can contribute to finding solutions for the global water crisis. By understanding the quantum behavior of water molecules, we can develop more efficient and sustainable methods for water purification and desalination. Additionally, quantum computing can be used to model and simulate water systems, helping us better understand and manage this precious resource.

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