Shear stress in a hollow shaft is the force per unit area that acts tangentially to the cross-section of the shaft. It is caused by the external forces applied to the shaft, such as twisting or bending.
Shear stress can cause deformation and ultimately failure of a hollow shaft if it exceeds the maximum shear stress that the material can withstand. It can also cause changes in the shape and dimensions of the shaft, affecting its performance.
The main factors that affect shear stress in a hollow shaft are the external forces applied to the shaft, the shape and dimensions of the shaft, and the material properties of the shaft such as its elasticity and yield strength.
Shear stress in a hollow shaft can be calculated using the formula τ = T*r/J, where τ is the shear stress, T is the applied torque, r is the radius of the shaft, and J is the polar moment of inertia of the shaft's cross-section.
The shear stress in a hollow shaft can be reduced by using a material with a higher yield strength, increasing the shaft's dimensions, or changing the shape of the shaft to distribute the external forces more evenly. Additionally, adding supports or reinforcement can also help reduce shear stress in a hollow shaft.