Is This Maclaurin Series Expansion Correct?

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In summary, we expanded the function into a Maclaurin series and found its radius of convergence to be R=1. We also corrected a mistake in the original question and provided the correct solution using the second derivative.
  • #1
aruwin
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Hello.
Could someone check if my solution is correct, please?

Question:
Expand the function into maclaurine series and find its radius of convergence.

$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^2}$$

My solution:
$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^2}=\frac{1}{(1-z)}\frac{2}{(1-z)}\frac{2}{(1-z)^2}$$

Since $$\frac{d}{dz}\frac{1}{1-z}=\frac{1}{(1-z)^2},$$ then

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n\times\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2nz^{n-1}$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2(n+1)z^n\Bigg)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n(n+2)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^{2n}(n+2)$$

As for Radius,
$$R=\lim_{{n}\to{\infty}}\Bigg|\frac{n+2}{n+3}\Bigg|=1$$
 
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  • #2
aruwin said:
Hello.
Could someone check if my solution is correct, please?

Question:
Expand the function into maclaurine series and find its radius of convergence.

$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^2}$$

My solution:
$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^2}=\frac{1}{(1-z)}\frac{2}{(1-z)}\frac{2}{(1-z)^2}$$

Since $$\frac{d}{dz}\frac{1}{1-z}=\frac{1}{(1-z)^2},$$ then

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n\times\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2nz^{n-1}$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2(n+1)z^n\Bigg)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n(n+2)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^{2n}(n+2)$$

As for Radius,
$$R=\lim_{{n}\to{\infty}}\Bigg|\frac{n+2}{n+3}\Bigg|=1$$

As You say is...

$\displaystyle \frac{d}{d z} \frac{1}{1-z} = \frac{1}{(1-z)^{2}}\ (1)$

... and because is also...

$\displaystyle \frac{1}{1-z} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} z^{n}\ (2)$

... we conclude that...

$\displaystyle \frac{2\ z}{(1-z)^{2}} = 2\ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} n\ z^{n}\ (3)$

The (2) has radius R=1 and the same is for (3)...

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
 
  • #3
chisigma said:
As You say is...

$\displaystyle \frac{d}{d z} \frac{1}{1-z} = \frac{1}{(1-z)^{2}}\ (1)$

... and because is also...

$\displaystyle \frac{1}{1-z} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} z^{n}\ (2)$

... we conclude that...

$\displaystyle \frac{2\ z}{(1-z)^{2}} = 2\ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} n\ z^{n}\ (3)$

The (2) has radius R=1 and the same is for (3)...

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
I am sorry, I made a mistake in the question. The function is actually
to the power of 3, not 2. Would my answer be right, then?
 
  • #4
Let me rewrite it.

$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^3}$$

My solution:

$$f(z)=\frac{2z}{(1-z)^2}=\frac{1}{(1-z)}\bigg(\frac{2}{(1-z)}+\frac{2}{(1-z)^2}\bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2nz^{n-1}\bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n+\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2(n+1)z^n\Bigg)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}z^n\times\Bigg(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^n(n+2)\Bigg)$$

$$f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}2z^{2n}(n+2)$$
 
  • #5
aruwin said:
I am sorry, I made a mistake in the question. The function is actually
to the power of 3, not 2. Would my answer be right, then?

In this case is...

$\displaystyle f(z) = z\ \frac{d}{d z} \frac{1}{(1 - z)^{2}} = z\ \frac{d^{2}}{d z^{2}} \frac{1}{1 - z} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} n\ (n - 1)\ z^{n-1}\ (1)$

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
 

FAQ: Is This Maclaurin Series Expansion Correct?

What is the Maclaurin series?

The Maclaurin series is a special case of the Taylor series, which is a way of representing a function as an infinite sum of terms. The Maclaurin series specifically is a polynomial representation of a function, where the polynomial is centered at x=0.

Why is the Maclaurin series important?

The Maclaurin series is important because it allows us to approximate complex functions with simpler polynomials. This can be useful in many areas of mathematics, such as calculus, differential equations, and physics.

How is the Maclaurin series calculated?

The Maclaurin series is calculated using the formula: f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + f''(0)x^2/2! + f'''(0)x^3/3! + ... where f'(0), f''(0), f'''(0), etc. are the derivatives of the function evaluated at x=0.

What is the significance of the first few terms in the Maclaurin series?

The first few terms in the Maclaurin series are significant because they give us a good approximation of the function near x=0. As we add more terms, the approximation becomes more accurate and approaches the actual function.

How is the Maclaurin series used in real life applications?

The Maclaurin series has many real life applications, such as in physics for approximating the motion of objects under the influence of forces, in engineering for designing circuits and control systems, and in economics for modeling financial data. It is also used in computer graphics and animation to create smooth curves and surfaces.

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