Kepler's Third Law, also known as the Law of Harmonies, states that the square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
According to Kepler's Third Law, the mass of the Sun affects the orbital period of planets around it. The greater the mass of the Sun, the longer the orbital period of the planets.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation explains the force of gravity between two objects, which is a key factor in Kepler's Third Law. The gravitational force between the Sun and planets determines their orbital periods and shapes of their orbits.
Kepler's Third Law is significant because it allows astronomers to calculate the mass of celestial bodies, such as planets and stars, based on their orbital characteristics. It also helped pave the way for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and our understanding of gravity.
Kepler's Third Law is still used in modern scientific research to study the properties of exoplanets, or planets outside of our solar system. By measuring the orbital period and semi-major axis of exoplanets, scientists can estimate their masses and learn more about their compositions and environments.