Kinetic/Potential Energy of Vehicle on Ramps

In summary, the problem involves a vehicle with mass m and initial velocity v0, traveling down a frictionless ramp with a slope of "a" degrees and then up a second ramp with a slope of "b" degrees and a friction coefficient of u. The question asks for the distance d2 that the vehicle will travel up the second ramp before stopping, using energy methods. By setting the kinetic energy gained by the vehicle on the first ramp equal to the energy dissipated by friction and gravity on the second ramp, a formula for d2 can be derived.
  • #1
lapo3399
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Homework Statement


Under the influence of gravity g, a vehicle with mass m and initial velocity v0, travels a distance d1 to the bottom of a frictionless ramp ("a" degrees above horizontal). It then begins to travel up a ramp ("b" degrees above horizontal) with friction coefficient u. What distance d2 will the vehicle travel up the second ramp before stopping? (use energy methods)

2. The attempt at a solution
The kinetic energy gained by the vehicle on the first ramp will be dissipated by the negative work of friction and gravity on the second ramp. Thus:

Ek = Eg

To find a general formula for d2, I found expressions for Ek at the bottom of the first ramp and Eg at the top of the second and set them equal to each other (v1 is the speed at the bottom of the first ramp):

v1^2 = v0^2 + 2ad
v1 = sqrt[ v0^2 + 2*d1*g*sin(a) ]

Ek = 1/2m(v1)^2
Ek = 1/2m[v0^2 + 2*d1*g*sin(a)]
Ek = 1/2m(v0)^2 + d1*m*g*sin(a)

(Wf is work performed by friction, Wg by gravity; Ff is force of friction)

Eg = Wf + Wg
Eg = d2(Ff + Fg)
Eg = d2[u*m*g*cos(b) + m*g*sin(b)]
Eg = d2*m*g[u*cos(b) + sin(b)]

Ek = Eg
1/2m(v0)^2 + d1*m*g*sin(a) = d2*m*g[u*cos(b) + sin(b)]
d2 = [1/2(v0)^2 + d1*g*sin(a)] / [g(u*cos(b) + sin(b)]

Thanks for any help!
 
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  • #2
Looks OK to me.
 
  • #3
Thanks :)
 

FAQ: Kinetic/Potential Energy of Vehicle on Ramps

What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, while potential energy is the energy an object has based on its position or state. In the context of a vehicle on ramps, kinetic energy would refer to the energy the vehicle has due to its movement on the ramp, while potential energy would refer to the energy it has based on its height on the ramp.

How does the height of a ramp affect the kinetic and potential energy of a vehicle?

The height of a ramp directly affects the potential energy of a vehicle, as the higher the ramp, the more potential energy the vehicle has due to its increased height. However, the height of the ramp does not directly affect the kinetic energy of the vehicle, as kinetic energy is primarily determined by the vehicle's mass and velocity.

Can the kinetic energy of a vehicle on a ramp be converted into potential energy?

Yes, the kinetic energy of a vehicle on a ramp can be converted into potential energy. As the vehicle moves up the ramp, its kinetic energy decreases while its potential energy increases. This is because the vehicle's velocity decreases as it moves against the force of gravity, while its height and potential energy increase.

How does friction impact the kinetic and potential energy of a vehicle on a ramp?

Friction can affect both the kinetic and potential energy of a vehicle on a ramp. In the case of kinetic energy, friction can act against the vehicle's motion, causing it to slow down and decrease its kinetic energy. In terms of potential energy, friction can also act against the vehicle's height, causing it to lose some potential energy as it moves up the ramp.

Can the kinetic and potential energy of a vehicle on a ramp be used to calculate its speed?

Yes, the kinetic and potential energy of a vehicle on a ramp can be used to calculate its speed. By knowing the mass, height, and velocity of the vehicle, as well as the effects of friction, the equations for kinetic and potential energy can be used to determine the speed of the vehicle on the ramp.

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