Lagrange multipliers rotating masses connected by spring

In summary, the conversation discusses the use of Lagrange multipliers and equations of motion to solve for the movement of particles constrained to move in circles with different radii. The Lagrangian is introduced and the equations of motion are derived, with the suggestion to use polar coordinates to simplify the equations.
  • #1
kanne
3
0

Homework Statement



A particle of mass, m1, is constrained to move in a circle with radius a at z=0 and another particle of mass, m2, moves in a circle of radius b at z=c. For this we wish to write up the Lagrangian introucing the constraints by lagrange multipliers and solve the following equations of motion.

Homework Equations



Equations of constraint.

[tex]z1=0\ \ x1^2+y1^2=a^2[/tex]
[tex]z2=c \ \ x2^2+y2^2=b^2[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



I am working on the Lagrangian given by

[tex]L=T-V+\lambda_1\left(-z_1\right)+\lambda_2\left(c-z_2\right)+\lambda_3\left(a^2-x_1^2-y_1^2\right)+\lambda_4\left(b^2-x_2^2-y_2^2\right)[/tex]

with
[tex]T=\frac{1}{2}m_1\left(\dot{x}_1^2+\dot{y}_1^2+\dot{z}_2^2\right)+\frac{1}{2}m_2\left(\dot{x}_2^2+\dot{y}_2^2+\dot{z}_2^2\right)[/tex]
and
[tex]V=\frac{1}{2}k\left(\left(x_2-x_1\right)^2+\left(y_2-y_1\right)^2+\left(z_2-z_1\right)^2\right)[/tex]

From this we get the equations of motion:

[tex]m_1\ddot{x_1}=-k\left(x_2-x_1\right)-2\lambda_3x_1[/tex]

[tex]m_1\ddot{y_1}=-k\left(y_2-y_1\right)-2\lambda_3y_1[/tex]

[tex]m_1\ddot{z_1}=-k\left(z_2-z_1\right)-\lambda_1[/tex]

[tex]m_2\ddot{x_2}=k\left(x_2-x_1\right)-2\lambda_4x_2[/tex]

[tex]m_2\ddot{y_2}=k\left(y_2-y_1\right)-2\lambda_4y_2[/tex]

[tex]m_2\ddot{z_2}=k\left(z_2-z_1\right)-\lambda_2 [\tex]


Anyone know how to solve these equations of motion
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
You could reduce the number of coordinates by introducing polar coordinates for each mass. There would be less equations to solve.
 

FAQ: Lagrange multipliers rotating masses connected by spring

1. What is the purpose of using Lagrange multipliers in analyzing rotating masses connected by spring?

Lagrange multipliers are used to optimize a system subject to constraints. In the case of rotating masses connected by spring, the constraints are the equations of motion for the system. By using Lagrange multipliers, we can find the optimal values of the masses and spring constants that will result in stable motion.

2. How do you set up the Lagrangian for a system of rotating masses connected by spring?

The Lagrangian for this system is the sum of the kinetic energy of the masses and the potential energy of the spring. The kinetic energy is given by the sum of the rotational kinetic energy of each mass, while the potential energy is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring. The Lagrange multiplier is then introduced to incorporate the constraints of the system.

3. Can Lagrange multipliers be used for systems with multiple rotating masses and springs?

Yes, Lagrange multipliers can be used for systems with any number of rotating masses and springs. The Lagrangian will just be the sum of the kinetic and potential energies for each mass and spring, and the Lagrange multiplier will be used to incorporate all of the constraints.

4. What are the advantages of using Lagrange multipliers over traditional methods for analyzing rotating masses connected by spring?

Lagrange multipliers provide a systematic and efficient way to analyze systems with constraints. They also allow us to consider all of the constraints simultaneously, rather than solving for each constraint separately. This can save time and effort in solving complex systems.

5. Are there any limitations to using Lagrange multipliers for analyzing rotating masses connected by spring?

One limitation of using Lagrange multipliers is that they may not always provide a unique solution. In some cases, there may be multiple optimal values for the masses and spring constants that satisfy the constraints. Additionally, the Lagrange multiplier method may not be suitable for systems with non-conservative forces or non-linear constraints.

Back
Top