Lattice constant and volume density

In summary, the conversation discusses the composition and lattice structure of a material, with two atoms (A and B) with effective radii of 2.00 and 3.10 angstroms, respectively. The lattice is a body-centered lattice with a lattice constant of 5.89 angstroms. The conversation also mentions calculating the volume density of the atoms using the surface density equation, but there seems to be some confusion about the number of atoms and the type of crystal structure being discussed.
  • #1
orangeincup
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Homework Statement


a) A material is composed of two atoms, A with effecitve radius 2.00 angstroms and B with effective radius 3.10 angstroms. The lattice is a body-centred lattice.
b)Enter the volume density of either the A or B atoms in atoms/cm3

Homework Equations


.5*sqrt3=(r1+r2)
surface density=# of atoms per lattice plane/area of lattice plane

The Attempt at a Solution


a)
a=((3.10A+2.0A)*2)/(sqrt3)
a=5.89 A (Lattice constant) (correct)

b) In part B I keep getting the wrong answer.

The equation I'm using is surface density=# of atoms/area of lattice plane

So...
# of atoms should be 2 for a body centered cube
2/(5.89*10^-8)^3 = 9.79*10^21 atoms/cm^2 (incorrect)
 
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  • #2
As far as I remember, body-centered here refers to the symmetry alone: the central atom has the same type as the corners, the other atoms are in between.

As an example, Caesium chloride would fit your calculation, but its crystal structure is simple cubic.

But then I'm surprised that the lattice constant is right.

Do you mix surface and volume density here?
 

FAQ: Lattice constant and volume density

1. What is the definition of lattice constant?

The lattice constant is the distance between identical points on a regular lattice structure, such as the distance between two adjacent atoms or ions in a crystal lattice.

2. How is lattice constant measured?

Lattice constant can be measured using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction or scanning probe microscopy. These techniques involve measuring the distance between the repeating units in a crystal lattice.

3. What factors affect the lattice constant?

The lattice constant is affected by the type and size of atoms or ions present in the lattice, as well as the bond strength between them. Temperature and pressure can also affect the lattice constant.

4. What is the relationship between lattice constant and volume density?

Volume density is the measure of how tightly packed the atoms or ions are in a material. The lattice constant is directly related to the volume density, as a smaller lattice constant means the atoms are closer together and the volume density is higher.

5. How does lattice constant impact the properties of a material?

The lattice constant plays a crucial role in determining the physical and chemical properties of a material. It affects the strength, thermal and electrical conductivity, and optical properties of a material. Changes in lattice constant can also lead to phase transitions and changes in material behavior.

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