Looking for verification on a momentum & collision problem

In summary, the problem involves two runners colliding at different velocities and masses. After calculating their respective momentums prior to the collision, the final velocity and direction after a perfectly inelastic collision is determined using vector algebra. The result is a final velocity of approximately -0.049m/s and a direction of -89 degrees North of East.
  • #1
PHYclueless
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Here is the problem:
Runner1 is going 20 degrees NofE with a mass of 60kg and v=5m/s. Runner2 is going 20 degrees NofW with a mass of 80kg and v=4m/s when they collide. What are their respective momentums prior to the collision? What is their final velocity and direction after collision if it was perfectly inelastic collision?

For question1 I got L=300kgm/s for runner1 and L=-320kgm/s for runner2.

For question2 I'm a little perplexed. This is what I did.
(x) m1v1+m2v2=(m1+m2)vf
-4sin20(80kg)+5sin20(60kg)=(60kg+80kg)vf
-109+103=140vf
-6=140vfx
vf(x)=-.049m/s

(y) m1v1+m2v2=(m1+m2)vf
4cos20(80kg)+5cos20(60kg)=(60kg+80kg)vf
301+282=140vf
583=140vf
vf(y)=4.16m/s

Then I took the TAN-1(4.16/-.049) to find theta and it gave me -89degrees North of East.

Does this look right?

Thank you to anyone who can give me some insight. I appreciate your help.
 
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  • #2
Your method is right.
But your vector algebra is slightly flawed.
For (x) take cosine and not sine.
Viceversa for (y) .
 
  • #3


I cannot confirm the accuracy of your calculations without seeing the specific problem and the steps you took to solve it. However, I can provide some general guidance on momentum and collision problems.

First, it is important to note that momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. In your calculations, you correctly included the direction of each runner's velocity in determining their respective momentums prior to the collision. However, when solving for the final velocity after the collision, you should also consider the direction of the final momentum vector.

In a perfectly inelastic collision, the two objects stick together and move with a common final velocity. This final velocity can be calculated using the conservation of momentum equation as you did, but it is important to include the direction of the final momentum vector. In your calculations, you only considered the magnitude of the final momentum vector, but you need to also determine the direction.

To find the direction of the final momentum vector, you can use the law of conservation of energy. This states that the total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision. Since you know the masses and velocities of the two runners before the collision, you can calculate their total kinetic energy. Then, using the final velocity you calculated, you can solve for the final kinetic energy. If the two values are equal, you can confirm that your final velocity calculation is correct.

In terms of your specific calculations, I cannot confirm their accuracy without seeing the problem and your steps. However, I suggest checking your calculations using the methods described above to ensure that you have correctly determined the final velocity and direction after the collision. I also recommend double-checking your units to make sure they are consistent throughout your calculations.

I hope this helps and good luck with your problem!
 

FAQ: Looking for verification on a momentum & collision problem

What is momentum and how is it related to collisions?

Momentum is the measure of an object's motion and is calculated by multiplying an object's mass by its velocity. In collisions, momentum is conserved, meaning that the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

How do you calculate momentum in a collision problem?

To calculate momentum in a collision problem, you need to know the mass and velocity of each object involved in the collision. You can then use the formula p=mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

Can you provide an example of a momentum and collision problem?

Sure, an example of a momentum and collision problem could be two cars colliding head-on. If one car has a mass of 1000 kg and is traveling at a velocity of 20 m/s, and the other car has a mass of 1500 kg and is traveling at a velocity of 10 m/s, what will be the total momentum of the two cars after the collision?

What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?

In elastic collisions, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, meaning that the total momentum and total kinetic energy before the collision will be equal to the total momentum and total kinetic energy after the collision. In inelastic collisions, only momentum is conserved, and some kinetic energy is lost in the form of heat or deformation.

How do you know if a collision is elastic or inelastic?

You can determine if a collision is elastic or inelastic by calculating the total kinetic energy before and after the collision. If the total kinetic energy is the same, then the collision is elastic. If the total kinetic energy is different, then the collision is inelastic.

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