Maxwell disc linked to bar unwinds but stays at same height by raising bar

In summary, the Maxwell disc, when linked to a bar that unwinds, maintains its height by elevating the bar as it unwinds.
  • #1
zenterix
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Homework Statement
The ends of thin threads tightly wound on the axle of radius ##r## of the Maxwell disc are attached to a horizontal bar. When the disc unwinds, the bar is raised to keep the disc at the same height. The mass of the disc with the axle is ##m##, the moment of inertia of the arrangement relative to its axis is ##I##.
Relevant Equations
Find the tension of each thread and the acceleration of the bar.
Here is a pictorial depiction of the problem

1719178014410.png


From Newton's 2nd law we have

$$2T-mg=0\implies T=\frac{mg}{2}$$

Then, considering the torques created by the threads we have

$$\vec{\tau}=I\vec{\alpha}=(-r\hat{k}+\frac{l}{2}\hat{i})\times T\hat{j}+(-r\hat{k}-\frac{l}{2}\hat{i})\times T\hat{j}$$

$$=2rT\hat{i}$$

$$\implies \alpha_z=\frac{2rT}{I}=\frac{rmg}{I}$$

Then

$$\omega_z=\frac{rmgt}{I}$$

The velocity of the axle at the point of contact of the thread with the axle is

$$\vec{v}=\vec{\omega}\times\vec{r}=\frac{rmgt}{I}\hat{i}\times (-r\hat{k})=\frac{r^2mgt}{I}\hat{j}$$

This is a problem from the book "Problems in General Physics" by Irodov. The back of the book answer says that

$$\omega_0=\frac{gmr^2}{I}$$

Why is there no factor of ##t## in the expression above?

As far as I can tell, because there is a constant torque there is a constant angular acceleration. Thus, angular velocity and tangential velocity (which coincides with the velocity of the bar being raised) are increasing with time.

My question is if I have made a mistake in my reasoning.
 
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  • #2
The question as posted asks for the linear acceleration of the bar. That matches the answer given. The only puzzle is that the LHS is ##\omega_0## instead of ##a##.
 
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  • #3
True what a silly oversight.
 

FAQ: Maxwell disc linked to bar unwinds but stays at same height by raising bar

What is a Maxwell disc?

A Maxwell disc is a thought experiment in classical mechanics that illustrates the principles of rotational motion and energy conservation. It consists of a disc that can rotate freely while being subjected to forces, demonstrating how the distribution of mass and the application of torque affect its motion.

How does the Maxwell disc relate to a bar unwinding?

In the context of the Maxwell disc, when a bar is unwound, it can be visualized as a system where the unwinding motion causes changes in the rotational dynamics of the disc. The unwinding bar can exert a torque on the disc, leading to a change in its angular velocity while maintaining its position at the same height.

What does it mean for the disc to stay at the same height?

For the disc to stay at the same height while the bar unwinds means that the center of mass of the system remains constant in vertical position. This can occur if the forces acting on the system, such as tension and gravity, are balanced in such a way that any movement in one direction is counteracted by movement in another, preventing any vertical displacement.

What are the implications of this setup in terms of energy conservation?

This setup highlights the principle of conservation of energy, as the potential energy associated with the height of the disc remains constant, while kinetic energy may change due to the unwinding of the bar. The energy transferred from the unwinding bar can be converted into rotational kinetic energy of the disc, illustrating how energy can be transformed without changing the overall mechanical energy of the system.

Can this concept be applied to real-world systems?

Yes, the principles illustrated by the Maxwell disc and the unwinding bar can be applied to various real-world systems, such as mechanical devices, pulleys, and other rotational systems where energy transfer and motion dynamics are involved. Understanding these concepts can aid in the design and analysis of systems that rely on rotational motion and energy conservation.

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