Mechanics-Conical pendulum, circular motion

In summary, a particle of 100 grams attached to two strings of lengths 30cm and 50cm can achieve horizontal circles with both strings taut when the angular velocity is between 5 and 9.14, taking g as 10m/s^2. This range is limited by the boundary condition where either the upper or lower string has no tension. To achieve this, there must be equilibrium between the vertical component of the tensional force and the force of gravity, and the horizontal component of the tensional force must be equal to the required centripetal force.
  • #1
dragonoid122
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A particle of 100 grams is attached by two strings of lengths 30cm and 50cm respectively to points A and B, where A is 30cm vertically below B. Find the range of angular velocities for which the particle can describe horizontal circles with both strings taut. Take g as 10m/s^2

Answer
Show diagram if possible
5<angular velocity<9.14
 
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  • #2
dragonoid122 said:
A particle of 100 grams is attached by two strings of lengths 30cm and 50cm respectively to points A and B, where A is 30cm vertically below B. Find the range of angular velocities for which the particle can describe horizontal circles with both strings taut. Take g as 10m/s^2

Answer
Show diagram if possible
5<angular velocity<9.14

Welcome to MHB, dragonoid! :)

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Note that the range is limited by the fact by the boundary condition where either there is just no tension on the upper string, or there is just no tension on the lower string.

We will need:
  1. equilibrium between the vertical component of the tensional force and the force of gravity,
  2. the horizontal component of the tensional force equal to the required centripetal force.
 

FAQ: Mechanics-Conical pendulum, circular motion

What is a conical pendulum?

A conical pendulum is a type of pendulum that moves in a circular motion instead of the back and forth motion of a traditional pendulum. It consists of a pendulum bob attached to a string or rod that is suspended from a fixed point, allowing it to swing in a circular path.

How does a conical pendulum work?

A conical pendulum works by utilizing the force of gravity to pull the pendulum bob towards the center of the circle. This force, along with the tension in the string or rod, keeps the pendulum moving in a circular motion.

What factors affect the motion of a conical pendulum?

The motion of a conical pendulum is affected by the length of the string or rod, the mass of the pendulum bob, the angle at which the string or rod is suspended, and the gravitational force. These factors can alter the speed, frequency, and radius of the pendulum's circular motion.

How is the period of a conical pendulum calculated?

The period of a conical pendulum can be calculated using the formula T=2π√(L/g), where T is the period (time for one complete revolution), L is the length of the string or rod, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. This formula assumes that the angle of suspension is small (less than 15 degrees).

What are some real-life applications of conical pendulums?

Conical pendulums have been used in various applications, such as Foucault's pendulum which demonstrates the rotation of the Earth, and in amusement park rides such as the pirate ship or swing ride. They are also used in some scientific experiments to study circular motion and gravity.

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