Minimum time required to cover distance, beginning and ending at rest

In summary, the conversation discusses problem 1.16 from Kleppner & Kolenkow's Introduction to Mechanics, which involves finding the minimum time required for a sportscar to travel half a mile, assuming it begins and ends at rest. The conversation also includes a hint to graph velocity vs. time and provides equations and calculations to determine the time needed for the car to reach its maximum braking rate. Ultimately, the conversation concludes that the approximate time needed for the car to travel half a mile is 33.7 seconds, which aligns with the expected time based on the car's acceleration and braking capabilities.
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Fantini
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This is problem 1.16 from Kleppner & Kolenkow's Introduction to Mechanics. I didn't know whether to post it here or pre-university math.

A sportscar, Fiasco I, can accelerate uniformly to $120$ mi/h in $30$ s. Its maximum braking rate cannot exceed $0.7g$. WHat is the minimum time required to go $\frac{1}{2}$ mi, assuming it begins and ends at rest? (Hint: A graph of velocity vs. time can be helpful.)

My thought process: Since it can accelerate uniformly to 120 mi/h in 30 seconds I've converted this to an acceleration of
$$\frac{120 \frac{\text{mi}}{3600 \text{ s}}}{30 \text{ s}} = \frac{1}{30} \frac{1}{30} \frac{ \text{mi}}{\text{s}^2} = \frac{1}{900} \frac{\text{mi}}{\text{s}^2}.$$
Since the maximum braking rate cannot exceed $0.7g$ then its maximum deacceleration cannot exceed $0.00609 \text{ mi}/\text{s}^2$. Assuming that it can deaccelerate at the maximum rate instantaneously, graphing the velocity vs. time as in the hint we'd have something like this:[desmos="-1,2,-1,2"]y=x;y=5-3x[/desmos]
Desmos's merely illustrative. The distance covered is the area of the triangle. Denoting the velocity it may achieve as $v_0$, the time taken to reach velocity $v_0$ as $t_0$ and the time taken for everything to occur as $t_1$, we can write a few relations. We know
$$\frac{v_0}{t_0} = \frac{1}{900} \frac{\text{mi}}{\text{s}^2},$$
$$\frac{v_0}{t_0-t_1} = - 0.00609 \frac{\text{mi}}{\text{s}^2},$$
$$\frac{v_0 t_1}{2} = \frac{1}{2} \text{ mi}.$$

Writing
$$v_0 = \frac{t_0}{900} \text{ and } v_0 = 0.7g (t_1-t_0) = \frac{t_0}{900}$$
we can obtain $t_0$ in terms of $t_1$ as
$$t_0 = \frac{0.7g t_1}{\frac{1}{900} + 0.7g}$$
and $v_0$ in terms of $t_1$ as
$$v_0 = \frac{0.7g t_1}{1 + 900 \cdot 0.7g}.$$
Combining these in the last equation we get
$$\frac{0.7g t_1^2}{1 + 0.7g} = 1 \text{ and } t_1 = \sqrt{ \frac{1}{0.7g}+ 900}.$$
This is approximately $t_1 \approx 33,7$ seconds. It feels right because the distance covered by the sportscar if it maintained uniform acceleration for $30$ seconds is exactly $\frac{1}{2}$ mile.

Is this correct?
 
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  • #2
This is a sloppy use of units and 0.006 mi/s2 is 1 g, not the maximal 0.7 g, but apart from that it is right.

Cross check: From 120 mi/h the car would need 7.8 seconds to stop, so we expect the car to accelerate for ~26 seconds. The last ~8 seconds are traveled at half the top speed (on average) to cross the distance the car would travel in 4 seconds with an ongoing acceleration.
 

FAQ: Minimum time required to cover distance, beginning and ending at rest

What is the minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest?

The minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest, is dependent on several factors such as the distance, the starting and ending velocities, and the acceleration or deceleration rate. It can be calculated using the formula t = 2d/(v0 + vf) where t is the minimum time, d is the distance, v0 is the starting velocity, and vf is the ending velocity.

How does the distance affect the minimum time required to cover it, beginning and ending at rest?

The distance has a direct impact on the minimum time required to cover it, beginning and ending at rest. The longer the distance, the longer the minimum time required. This is because the greater the distance, the more time it takes to accelerate and decelerate to reach the required starting and ending velocities.

What is the role of starting and ending velocities in determining the minimum time required to cover a given distance?

The starting and ending velocities play a crucial role in determining the minimum time required to cover a given distance. The lower the starting and ending velocities, the longer the minimum time required. This is because a lower velocity requires more time to accelerate and decelerate to reach the required speeds.

Does acceleration or deceleration rate affect the minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest?

Yes, the acceleration or deceleration rate does affect the minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest. A higher acceleration or deceleration rate results in a shorter minimum time, while a lower rate results in a longer minimum time. This is because a higher rate allows for faster changes in velocity, resulting in a shorter time required to reach the required speeds.

What are some real-life applications of calculating the minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest?

The calculation of the minimum time required to cover a given distance, beginning and ending at rest, has many real-life applications. One example is in transportation, where it is used to determine the most efficient route for vehicles to minimize travel time. It is also used in sports, such as in sprinting events, to determine the fastest possible time for covering a specific distance. Additionally, it is used in engineering and construction to plan and schedule project timelines and in physics to analyze the motion of objects.

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