Motor rotating at normal speed and then prevented from rotating

In summary, the scenario describes a motor that operates at its normal rotational speed but is subsequently halted from rotating. This can lead to various outcomes, such as increased stress on the motor components, potential overheating, and the risk of damage due to the sudden stop. Understanding the implications of such an event is crucial for effective motor management and maintenance.
  • #1
Guillem_dlc
188
17
Homework Statement
A generator of electromotive force ##100\, \textrm{V}## and internal resistance ##1\, \Omega## is connected in series to a motor. A voltmeter is connected between the terminals of the generator. When the motor is rotating at normal speed the voltmeter reads ##95\, \textrm{V}## and when the motor is prevented from rotating it reads ##85\, \textrm{V}##. Calculate:
a) the resistance of the motor (R: ##5,67\, \Omega##).
b) the counter-electromotive force of the motor (R: ##66,7\, \textrm{V}##).
c) the useful power of the motor (R: ##334\, \textrm{W}##).
Relevant Equations
Ohm's law
The current of the circuit would be:

$$I=\dfrac{\varepsilon - \varepsilon'}{r+r'}=\dfrac{100-\varepsilon'}{1+r'}$$

But I do not understand the two methods of operation of the engine that the statement talks about: it rotates in normal regime and the engine is prevented from turning. What conclusions could I draw from this?
 
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  • #2
When the motor is prevented from rotating, it acts as a simple resistor.

When the motor is rotating, it acts as a simple resistor and an emf-source in series.

You might find it useful to draw the two circuits.
 
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  • #3
Steve4Physics said:
When the motor is prevented from rotating, it acts as a simple resistor.

When the motor is rotating, it acts as a simple resistor and an emf-source in series.

You might find it useful to draw the two circuits.
Thank you very much! With this hint I was able to do the exercise and I got what it says.
 
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FAQ: Motor rotating at normal speed and then prevented from rotating

What happens to a motor when it is prevented from rotating while powered?

When a motor is prevented from rotating while powered, it experiences a condition known as "stall." In this state, the motor continues to draw current, but since the rotor is not moving, it generates heat due to the electrical resistance in the windings. This can lead to overheating and potential damage to the motor if the stall condition persists for too long.

Why does a motor draw more current when stalled?

A motor draws more current when stalled because the back electromotive force (back EMF) generated by the motor is reduced to zero. Under normal operation, back EMF opposes the input voltage and limits the current. When the rotor is not moving, there is no back EMF, leading to an increase in current draw, which can be several times higher than the normal operating current.

What are the potential consequences of stalling a motor?

The potential consequences of stalling a motor include overheating, which can damage the windings and insulation, leading to short circuits or complete motor failure. Additionally, prolonged stalling can affect the bearings and other mechanical components, potentially resulting in decreased efficiency or mechanical failure.

How can a motor be protected from stalling?

A motor can be protected from stalling by implementing various protective measures such as thermal overload relays, current sensors, and electronic speed controllers (ESCs) that can detect stall conditions and automatically reduce power or shut down the motor to prevent damage. Proper motor sizing and application considerations also play a critical role in minimizing the risk of stalling.

What should be done if a motor stalls?

If a motor stalls, it is essential to immediately cut off power to the motor to prevent overheating and damage. After power is removed, the cause of the stall should be investigated, which may include checking for mechanical obstructions, ensuring proper load conditions, and examining the electrical connections. Once the issue is resolved, the motor can be restarted under controlled conditions.

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