Naming ethers: priority of alkyl substituent and ethoxy subsitutent

In summary, when naming ethers, the priority of the alkyl substituent is determined by the number of carbons present. The longer the carbon chain, the higher the priority. In the case of multiple alkyl substituents of equal length, the alphabetically first one is given priority. For ethoxy substituents, the priority is always lower than any alkyl substituent, regardless of the number of carbons. Therefore, when naming ethers, the ethoxy group is always named as a substituent rather than the main chain.
  • #1
Sunwoo Bae
61
4
Homework Statement
Naming the given structures
Relevant Equations
None
When there is both alkyl substituent and ethoxy substituent in a single molecule, which one should be prioritized when numbering your base carbon chains?
I am confused because the first structure below seems to have numbered the carbon attached to ethyl as the first carbon, while the second structure seem to give carbon attached to ethoxy group the lowest carbon number.

Thanks for your help!

1628869912031.png
1628870015320.png
 
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  • #2
Sunwoo Bae said:
Homework Statement:: Naming the given structures
Relevant Equations:: None

When there is both alkyl substituent and ethoxy substituent in a single molecule, which one should be prioritized when numbering your base carbon chains?
I am confused because the first structure below seems to have numbered the carbon attached to ethyl as the first carbon, while the second structure seem to give carbon attached to ethoxy group the lowest carbon number.

Thanks for your help!

View attachment 287488View attachment 287489
How to name organic compounds using the IUPAC rules...

3. Number the carbons of the parent chain from the end that gives the substituents the lowest numbers. When compairing a series of numbers, the series that is the "lowest" is the one which contains the lowest number at the occasion of the first difference. If two or more side chains are in equivalent positions, assign the lowest number to the one which will come first in the name.

source: http://www.chem.uiuc.edu/GenChemReferences/nomenclature_rules.html
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FAQ: Naming ethers: priority of alkyl substituent and ethoxy subsitutent

What is the priority of the alkyl substituent in naming ethers?

The alkyl substituent in naming ethers is given the higher priority when determining the name of the compound. This means that the alkyl group is named first in the name of the ether.

How is the ethoxy substituent named in ethers?

The ethoxy substituent is named by adding the prefix "ethoxy" before the name of the parent alkane. For example, in the compound ethyl ethyl ether, the ethoxy substituent is named as "ethoxy" and the parent alkane is ethane.

What is the purpose of determining the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents in naming ethers?

Determining the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents is important in naming ethers because it helps to accurately identify and differentiate between different compounds. It also follows a standard naming convention that is accepted by the scientific community.

Can the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents change in different ethers?

Yes, the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents can change in different ethers depending on the structure of the compound. In some cases, the ethoxy substituent may have a higher priority than the alkyl substituent, and vice versa.

Are there any exceptions to the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents in naming ethers?

Yes, there are some exceptions to the priority of alkyl and ethoxy substituents in naming ethers. For example, if the ethoxy substituent is attached to a cycloalkane, it is given the higher priority over the alkyl substituent. Additionally, if the alkyl substituent is a halogen, it is given the higher priority over the ethoxy substituent.

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