Newtonian Mechanics is a branch of classical mechanics that studies the motion of objects under the influence of external forces. It was developed by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century and is based on three fundamental laws of motion.
A single particle in Newtonian Mechanics refers to a point-like object that is small enough to be treated as a single entity. This means that the size and shape of the particle are not relevant, and the focus is on its motion and the forces acting upon it.
The first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue in motion with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force. The second law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
The motion of a single particle in Newtonian Mechanics is described using kinematics, which involves studying the position, velocity, and acceleration of the particle over time. This can be done using mathematical equations such as the equations of motion and the laws of motion.
Newtonian Mechanics has many practical applications, such as predicting the motion of objects in projectile motion, analyzing the behavior of objects in orbit, and understanding the motion of particles in a fluid. It is also the basis for many engineering and technological advancements, such as designing bridges, airplanes, and cars.