Newton's Calculus is a mathematical theory created by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century that revolutionized the field of mathematics and physics. It is a branch of mathematics that focuses on the study of continuous change and rates of change.
Newton is credited with the invention of Calculus, along with German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz. He developed the fundamental concepts and techniques of Calculus, including differentiation and integration, which are still used today in various fields of science and engineering.
Differentiation is the process of finding the rate of change or slope of a function at a specific point, while integration is the process of finding the area under a curve. In other words, differentiation deals with finding the instantaneous rate of change, while integration deals with finding the total change over a given interval.
Newton used a geometric notation to represent differentiation and integration, which involved drawing diagrams and using symbols such as triangles and circles. However, this notation was later replaced by the more familiar notations of "d/dx" for differentiation and the integral sign (∫) for integration.
Newton's Calculus is used in various fields of science and engineering, such as physics, engineering, economics, and statistics. It is used to model and solve real-world problems involving rates of change and continuous change, making it an essential tool in many modern-day applications.