NP Problems: Weighted Vertex Cover vs Weighted Independent Set

In summary, the conversation discusses a theorem stating that in a graph G=(V,E), an independent set S is equivalent to a vertex cover V-S. The conversation then explores the possibility of this theorem also applying to independent sets and vertex covers with maximum and minimum weights respectively. It is concluded that this is indeed the case.
  • #1
JohnDoe2013
5
0
There is a Theorem that states that if G = (V, E) is a graph, then S is an independent set $\Leftarrow\Rightarrow$ V - S is a vertex cover.

Suppose the vertices have positive integer weights. Does it follow from the theorem that:

S is an independent set with maximum weight $\Leftarrow\Rightarrow$ V - S is a vertex cover with minimum weight?
 
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  • #2
I think so. If $S\subseteq V$, let $w(S)$ denote the sum of weights of vertices is $S$, and let $W=w(V)$. Suppose that $S$ is an independent set with maximum weight, but $V-S$ is not minimal, i.e., there exists a $T\subseteq V$ such that $T$ is a vertex cover and $w(T)<w(V-S)=W-w(S)$. Then $w(S)<W-w(T)=w(V-T)$ and $V-T$ is an independent set, a contradiction with maximality of $S$. The other direction is shown similarly.
 

Related to NP Problems: Weighted Vertex Cover vs Weighted Independent Set

1. What are NP problems?

NP stands for "nondeterministic polynomial time" and refers to a class of computational problems that are difficult to solve using traditional algorithms. These problems are characterized by the fact that their solutions can be verified quickly, but finding the solution itself is a time-consuming process.

2. What is the difference between Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set?

Both Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set are NP problems that involve finding a subset of vertices in a graph that satisfy certain conditions. In Weighted Vertex Cover, the selected vertices must cover all edges in the graph, while in Weighted Independent Set, the selected vertices must not share any edges.

3. How are Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set related?

Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set are two examples of NP problems that are closely related. In fact, Weighted Independent Set can be reduced to Weighted Vertex Cover, meaning that a solution to Weighted Vertex Cover can be used to solve Weighted Independent Set.

4. Why are Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set considered difficult problems?

Both Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set are classified as NP-complete problems, which means that they are among the most challenging problems in the NP class. This is because no efficient algorithm has been found to solve these problems, and they are believed to require exponential time to solve.

5. Are there any real-world applications for Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set?

Yes, Weighted Vertex Cover and Weighted Independent Set have many practical applications, particularly in the field of network optimization. For example, these problems can be used to optimize the placement of wireless access points in a network or to select the most influential individuals in a social network.

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