Nuclear form factor, the graph F2(q) vs. q (fm-1)

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How to obtain the graph F2(q) vs. q (fm-1) from the graph F2(q2) vs. q2 (fm-2)?
In the article J. R. Ficence, ,,,, I. Sick, Phys. Lett. B 32, 460 (1970), Fig. 1, there is graph F(q) vs. q (fm-1).
In the article J. S. McCarthy, I. Sick, …, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 884 (1970), Fig. 1, there is graph F2(q2) vs. q2 (fm-2).
How to obtain the graph F2(q) vs. q (fm-1) from the graph F2(q2) vs. q2 (fm-2)?

In the book Subatomic Physics (E. M Henley, A. Garcia, 3rd ed. (2007)), p. 137, it is spherically symmetric, Eq. (6.6). Since f no longer depends 0n the direction of q but only on its magnitude, it is now written as f(q2).
In the book Particles and Nuclei (P. Povh et al., 5th ed. (2006), p. 62, spherical symmetric …, the form factor only depends on the momentum transfer q. We symbolise this fact by writing the form factor as F(q2).
How to obtain the graph F2(q) vs. q (fm-1) from the graph F2(q2) vs. q2 (fm-2)?

I think in the graph F2(q2) vs. q2 (fm-2), q2 is a dummy variable. We can just replace F2(q2) by F2(q), and q2 (fm-2) by q (fm-1).
In the book Subatomic Physics, p. 137, ‘it is now written as f(q2)’ , and the book Particles and Nuclei, p. 62, ‘We symbolize
this fact by writing the form actor as F(q2)’ are unnecessary.

Could someone please give me the answer? Thanks.
 
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In fact, In the book Subatomic Physics, p. 137, Eq. (6.6), we can just use f(q) where q is a scalar.
 

FAQ: Nuclear form factor, the graph F2(q) vs. q (fm-1)

What is the nuclear form factor?

The nuclear form factor is a function that describes the distribution of charge or matter within a nucleus. It is often denoted as F(q) and depends on the momentum transfer q, which is related to the scattering angle and energy of the probing particle in scattering experiments.

Why is the graph F2(q) vs. q important?

The graph of F2(q) vs. q provides critical information about the internal structure of the nucleus. By analyzing this graph, physicists can infer details about the size, shape, and density distribution of the nucleus. It is particularly important in understanding phenomena such as nuclear deformation and the distribution of nucleons.

How is the momentum transfer q related to the scattering experiment?

The momentum transfer q is a measure of the change in momentum of the probing particle during the scattering process. It is given by q = 4πsin(θ/2)/λ, where θ is the scattering angle and λ is the wavelength of the probing particle. Higher values of q correspond to probing smaller spatial scales within the nucleus.

What does the behavior of F2(q) at high q values indicate?

At high q values, the behavior of F2(q) can indicate the presence of fine structural details within the nucleus. For example, a rapid decrease in F2(q) with increasing q suggests that the nucleus has a well-defined surface, while oscillations in F2(q) can indicate shell structure or clustering within the nucleus.

How can experimental data for F2(q) be obtained?

Experimental data for F2(q) can be obtained through scattering experiments, such as electron scattering or neutron scattering. In these experiments, a beam of particles is directed at a target nucleus, and the scattered particles are detected at various angles. By analyzing the scattering cross-section as a function of angle and energy, the form factor F(q) can be extracted.

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