Open Problems in Interplay between QM & 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?

In summary, the interplay between Quantum Mechanics and the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics remains an open problem. While the 2nd Law can be proven through statistical physics in both classical and quantum mechanics, the concept of entropy as a property of macroscopic ensemble descriptions and its behavior in relation to QM is still being explored. Several papers have been published on this topic, including those referenced in this conversation.
  • #1
Geremia
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What are some open problems in the interplay between Quantum Mechanics and the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?

thanks
 
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  • #2
I don't know any.
 
  • #3
2nd law can be proved just fine via statistical physics, both in classical and quantum mechanics. For the latter you use thermal ensemble density matrices as states and the Liouville equation as their time evolution equation. In both cases (classical and qm) the entropy is a property of the macroscopic ensemble description of a physical system and behaves at it should.
 
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Related to Open Problems in Interplay between QM & 2nd Law of Thermodynamics?

1. What is the relationship between quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics?

The second law of thermodynamics states that in any natural process, the total entropy (disorder) of a closed system will tend to increase over time. On the other hand, quantum mechanics governs the behavior of particles at the microscopic level. The relationship between the two is complex and not fully understood, but it is believed that quantum mechanics plays a role in the emergence of macroscopic thermodynamic behavior.

2. What are some open problems in the interplay between quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics?

One open problem is how to reconcile the apparent irreversibility of the second law with the time-reversal symmetry of quantum mechanics. Another is the role of quantum entanglement in thermodynamic processes. Additionally, the origin of the arrow of time and the connection between information and thermodynamics are other open questions in this area.

3. How does quantum information theory relate to the second law of thermodynamics?

Quantum information theory studies the behavior of information at the quantum level. It has been shown that the second law of thermodynamics can be viewed as a statement about the behavior of quantum information in thermodynamic processes. This has led to new insights and potential applications in both fields.

4. What advancements have been made in understanding the interplay between quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics?

In recent years, there have been significant advancements in understanding the role of quantum entanglement in thermodynamic processes. Researchers have also made progress in explaining the emergence of thermodynamic behavior from the underlying quantum dynamics. Additionally, new experimental techniques have allowed for the direct observation of quantum effects in thermodynamic systems.

5. How does the study of the interplay between quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics impact other fields of science?

The understanding of how quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics interact has implications in fields such as information theory, quantum computing, and cosmology. It also has potential applications in energy production, materials science, and biophysics. By studying this interplay, we may gain a deeper understanding of the fundamental laws governing the universe and how they can be harnessed for practical purposes.

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