Partial differential equations, symmetries, invariants, conservations,

In summary, partial differential equations (PDEs) are mathematical equations involving functions and their partial derivatives, used to describe various physical phenomena. Symmetries in PDEs help identify invariant properties, allowing for simplifications and solutions. Invariants are quantities that remain unchanged under transformations, while conservation laws are principles that describe the constancy of certain physical quantities, such as energy or momentum, over time. Understanding these concepts is crucial for solving complex PDEs and analyzing the systems they represent.
  • #1
newold22
2
0
Homework Statement
find the invariant of system of real shrodinger-like system of pd equations with independent variables x,t and dependent u, v
Relevant Equations
u_t=u_{xx} - u^2 v
v_t =-v_{xx}-v^2 u
I know the method is involving adjoint equation, lagrange functional and conserwation laws but i dont know how to do it, please help! I know something like this: that we must split our function into two F=(F_1,F_2), also u=(u_1,u_2) and v=(v_1,v_2) and we must calculate adjoint equation F* and bcs of the vector function F the F'* is a matrix
F*'=\begin{bmatrix}
F_1_u_1'* & F_2_u_1'*\\
F_1_u_2'* & F_2_u_2'
\end{bmatrix}
and the quation is F'*v=0
and the conservation law theorem is I(v)=\int_0^1 d\lambda\int <v(\lambda u_1,\lambda u_2 | u_1,u_2)> dx under condition v=grad I(v) and there is second condition for v : v_u= v_u*
 
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  • #2
Hello and :welcome: !

Please fix your ##\LaTeX ## (check with the preview button at the upper right),
And enclose with double # for in-line math or double $ for displayed math.

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  • #3
is soemthing like $$\mathcal{L}(u,v)=<u| F>$$ and $$u=(u_1,u_2)\quad v=(v_1,v_2)\quad F=(F_1,F_2)$$ and
$$F_1=u_{xx}-u^2v-u_t \quad F_2=-v_{xx}-v^2u-v_t$$ and
$$\frac{\delta \mathcal{L}}{\delta u}=(\frac{\delta\mathcal{L}}{\delta u_1},\frac{\delta\mathcal{L}}{\delta u_2}) =F^{\ast}(u)\cdot v=0, where
$$
and
$$
F^{\ast}_u=
$$
is a matrix 2x2 with entries
$$
F^{\ast}_{1_{u_1}}, \quad F^{\ast}_{2_{u_1}}, \quad F^{\ast}_{1_{u_2}}, \quad F^{\ast}_{2_{u_2}}
$$
and for conservation law
$$
\int_0^1 d\lambda \int <v(\lambda u_1,\lambda u_2)| (u_1,u_2)> dx = I(u)
$$
when
$$
v_u=v_u^{\ast} \Rightarrow v=grad I(u)
$$
 
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FAQ: Partial differential equations, symmetries, invariants, conservations,

What are partial differential equations (PDEs)?

Partial differential equations are mathematical equations that involve functions of multiple variables and their partial derivatives. They are used to describe a wide range of phenomena in physics, engineering, and other fields, such as heat conduction, fluid dynamics, and wave propagation.

What is the significance of symmetries in PDEs?

Symmetries in partial differential equations play a crucial role in simplifying complex problems and finding solutions. They can lead to the identification of invariant quantities, reduce the number of variables, and help in the classification of solutions. Symmetry methods often provide powerful tools for solving PDEs analytically or numerically.

What are invariants in the context of PDEs?

Invariants are quantities that remain unchanged under certain transformations or symmetries of the system described by the partial differential equations. They are important for understanding the behavior of solutions and can provide insight into conserved quantities that arise from the physical laws governing the system.

What are conservation laws in relation to PDEs?

Conservation laws are principles that state certain physical quantities remain constant over time in a closed system. In the context of PDEs, these laws can be derived from symmetries and invariants, and they often lead to the formulation of additional constraints on the solutions, ensuring that they adhere to fundamental physical principles such as conservation of mass, momentum, or energy.

How can one find symmetries of a given PDE?

To find symmetries of a given partial differential equation, one typically employs methods such as the Lie group analysis. This involves identifying transformation groups that leave the form of the PDE invariant. By analyzing the infinitesimal transformations, one can derive symmetry generators and use them to construct solutions or reduce the order of the equation.

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