Particle oscillating around equilibrium radius

In summary, a particle of mass m moving in three dimensions is attracted to the origin by the gravitational force of a much heavier object. Its radial motion is governed by the equation m\ddot{r}=-\frac{k}{r^{2}}+\frac{l^{2}}{mr^{3}}. An equilibrium radius r_{0} can be determined in terms of k, l, and m. If the particle is placed near this equilibrium radius, it will have an oscillatory radial motion with a frequency of \sqrt{\frac{1}{m}\frac{d^2U_{eff}}{dr^2}}.
  • #1
AbigailM
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Homework Statement


A particle of mass m moving in three dimensions is attracted to the origin by the gravitational force of a much heavier object. It can be shown that the radial motion is governed by the following equation
[itex]m\ddot{r}=-\frac{k}{r^{2}}+\frac{l^{2}}{mr^{3}}[/itex]

where k is a constant and l is the angular momentum. Determine an equilibrium radius [itex]r_{0}[/itex] in terms of k, l, and m. If the particle is put near that equilibrium radius, [itex]r=r_{0}+\epsilon[/itex](where [itex]\epsilon << r_{0}[/itex]), it will have an oscillatory radial motion about [itex]r_{0}[/itex]. What will be the frequency of that oscillation?

The Attempt at a Solution


Attached to thread as I'm horribly slow at typing latex.
 

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  • #2
Your final answer looks correct, but I'm not quite sure what it is you've done to get it. Specifically, why do you assert that [itex]\omega=\sqrt{\frac{1}{m}\frac{d^2U_{eff}}{dr^2}}[/itex]? Is the RHS of this equation even a constant?

The method I would suggest is to just plug [itex]r=r_0+\epsilon[/itex] into your equation of motion and Taylor expand the RHS of it in powers of [itex]\frac{\epsilon}{r_0}[/itex] (since you know that it is much smaller than one).
 

FAQ: Particle oscillating around equilibrium radius

What is particle oscillation around equilibrium radius?

Particle oscillation around equilibrium radius is a phenomenon in which a particle moves back and forth around its equilibrium position due to the presence of a restoring force.

What causes particle oscillation around equilibrium radius?

Particle oscillation around equilibrium radius is caused by the presence of a restoring force, which is a force that acts in the opposite direction to the displacement of the particle from its equilibrium position.

How is the equilibrium radius of a particle determined?

The equilibrium radius of a particle is determined by balancing the forces acting on the particle. When the restoring force is equal to the force applied to the particle, the equilibrium radius is reached.

What is the relationship between the amplitude of particle oscillation and the equilibrium radius?

The amplitude of particle oscillation is the maximum distance the particle travels from its equilibrium position. The equilibrium radius is the position at which the particle oscillates around, and therefore, the amplitude is directly related to the equilibrium radius.

Can the equilibrium radius of a particle change?

Yes, the equilibrium radius of a particle can change if there is a change in the forces acting on the particle or if the particle's properties, such as mass or velocity, change.

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