Particle rolling around inside of hemispherical bowl

In summary, the problem involves a hemispherical bowl with a small particle rolling around the edge without friction. The goal is to solve for the angle between the horizontal and the velocity vf. Using conservation of momentum and energy, as well as the equation r2 + h2 = r02, the solution is θ=arccos((mrovo)/(mrvf)), where ro is the radial distance from point A and r is the radial distance from point B. However, there may be confusion over the angle as the problem states it is between the horizontal and the velocity vf, while the angular momentum equation implies it is between the horizontal tangent to the sphere and the velocity vf. The diagram does not make this clear.
  • #1
JohnDough
1
0
1. Homework Statement

I have a hemispherical bowl in which I roll a small particle around the edge, starting from the top at point A with a velocity vo. It travels halfway around the sphere and reaches point B, which is a vertical distance h below A, with a velocity vf. Point A is a radial distance of ro from the vertical centerline and point B is a radial distance of r from the vertical centerline. There is no friction. The goal is to solve for the angle, θ, between the horizontal and the velocity vf.

Diagram: http://i.imgur.com/57qgEHI.png

2. Homework Equations

Conservation of Momentum, Energy
r2 + h2 = r02

3. The Attempt at a Solution

Lo=Lf
mrovo=mrvfcosθ
θ=arccos((mrovo)/(mrvf))=arccos((rovo)/(rvf))
KEo+PEo=KEf
1/2 mvo2+mgh=1/2 mvf2
vo2+2gh=vf2
√(vo2+2gh)=vf
θ=arccos((mrovo)/(mrvf))=arccos((mrovo)/(mr√(vo2+2gh)))
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
You mean conservation of angular momentum, right? That is only going to be valid about the vertical centreline, as you appear to have appreciated. (You understand why, right?) But there may be some confusion over the angle theta. The OP says it's "between the horizontal and the velocity vf." To me, that is not the same as saying it's between the horizontal tangent to the sphere and the velocity vf, yet that's what your angular momentum equation implies to me. The diagram does not make it clear.
Have you been told your answer is wrong, or are you merely seeking corroboration before submitting it?
 

Related to Particle rolling around inside of hemispherical bowl

1. What is the concept behind a particle rolling around inside of a hemispherical bowl?

The concept is based on the laws of motion and gravity, where a particle inside a bowl will roll around due to the force of gravity pulling it towards the bottom of the bowl.

2. How does the shape of the bowl affect the motion of the particle?

The shape of the bowl determines the path of the particle as it rolls around. In a hemispherical bowl, the particle will follow a circular path due to the symmetry of the bowl.

3. What factors influence the speed of the rolling particle?

The speed of the particle is influenced by the angle of the bowl, the mass and size of the particle, and the force of gravity. A steeper angle of the bowl and a larger particle will result in a faster speed.

4. How does friction play a role in the movement of the particle?

Friction between the particle and the surface of the bowl will slow down the particle's motion. However, in a hemispherical bowl, the friction force is perpendicular to the motion, so it does not significantly affect the particle's speed.

5. Can the particle ever reach a stable position inside the bowl?

No, the particle will continue to roll around inside the bowl unless there is an external force acting on it. In a hemispherical bowl, the particle will eventually come to rest at the bottom, but it will still have a slight circular motion due to the force of gravity.

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