Particle with mass m and force F(t). Show that x = x(t)

In summary, the conversation discusses how a particle at rest is affected by a force and how to approximate its position at small values of time. By integrating twice and taking the limit as time approaches 0, it is shown that the particle barely moves from its initial position. To confirm the approximation, the conversation suggests expanding the position function as a Maclaurin series and keeping only the dominant term.
  • #1
kafn8

Homework Statement


A particle of mass m is initially at rest at x = 0.
It is acted upon by a force [itex]F = A cosh (\beta t)[/itex] (1)

A) Show that at very small values of t, the position is approximately given by [itex]x(t) = \frac{1}{2}\frac{F_0}{m}t^2[/itex] (2),
where [itex]F_0[/itex] is the force at [itex]t =0[/itex]

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


If [itex]F(t) = Acosh(\beta t) = ma(t)[/itex]
then [itex]a(t) = \frac{A}{m}cosh(\beta t)[/itex]

Integrating twice yields the position such that
[itex]x(t) = \frac{A}{\beta^2 m}\left[ cosh(\beta t) - 1 \right][/itex], (3)

Also, [itex]F_0(t=0)=m\left[\frac{A}{m}cosh(\beta(0)) \right]=A[/itex]

With that out of the way, I've tried taking the limit of (3) as [itex]t \rightarrow 0[/itex] but end up with the following:
$$\lim_{t \rightarrow 0}x(t) = \lim_{t \rightarrow 0} \frac{A}{\beta^2 m}\left[ cosh(\beta (0)) - 1 \right]$$
$$= \frac{A}{\beta^2 m}\left[ (1) - 1 \right]$$
$$= 0$$

But all this says is that for very small values of time, the particle barely moves away from x=0. This does not directly confirm that (2) is a good approximation. Any guidance is much needed and greatly appreciated!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
What happens if you expand ##x(t)## as a Maclaurin series and keep only the dominant term?
 

FAQ: Particle with mass m and force F(t). Show that x = x(t)

1. What is a particle with mass m and force F(t)?

A particle with mass m and force F(t) refers to an object with a specific mass that is being acted upon by a force that varies with time. This can be seen in many real-world examples, such as a ball being thrown into the air or a car accelerating on a road.

2. How is x = x(t) related to a particle with mass m and force F(t)?

The equation x = x(t) is known as the position-time equation and is a fundamental equation in physics. It describes the relationship between an object's position (x) and time (t). In the context of a particle with mass m and force F(t), this equation shows how the object's position changes over time due to the force acting on it.

3. What does the variable x represent in the equation x = x(t)?

In the equation x = x(t), the variable x represents the position of the particle at a given time t. This can be in any unit of length, such as meters or feet, depending on the context of the problem.

4. How can the equation x = x(t) be used to analyze the motion of a particle?

The equation x = x(t) can be used to analyze the motion of a particle by plugging in different values for time (t) and solving for the corresponding position (x). This allows us to plot a graph of the particle's position over time and analyze its motion, such as determining its speed, acceleration, and other characteristics.

5. Is x = x(t) always true for a particle with mass m and force F(t)?

Yes, x = x(t) is always true for a particle with mass m and force F(t). This is because the equation represents a fundamental principle in physics known as the principle of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy of a system remains constant over time. In the context of a particle with mass m and force F(t), this means that the particle's position (x) will always be equal to its position at a given time t, regardless of the force acting on it.

Back
Top