PDE and the separation of variables

In summary, the conversation discusses using the equation ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)## to solve a given partial differential equation. The speaker initially substitutes the values of ##u_{xx}## and ##u_{yy}## in the PDE and solves the resulting ODEs, but struggles with understanding ##u_{t}##. They suggest setting ##u_{t}=0## due to the function only depending on x and y, but question if this is the correct approach. It is then mentioned that the question may have been written in a confusing manner, and that the solution may involve making the leap to u = h(t)f(x,y). The conversation ends with the question of how to solve the equation.
  • #1
Magnetons
18
4
Homework Statement
Apply the method of separation of variables ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)## to solve the equation .
Relevant Equations
##u_{t}=c^{2}(u_{xx}+u_{yy})##
using the equation ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)##, first, I substitute the value of ##u_{xx}## and ##u_{yy}## in the given PDE. after that solve the ODEs but I can't understand about the ##u_{t}##.In my solution, I put ##u_{t}=0## because u is only the function of x and y. Is it the right approach, to me it seems wrong
 

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  • #2
Aren't you supposed to separate in a different way ? In u(t) and u(x,y) for example :wink:

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  • #3
Google 'heat equation'
 
  • #4
BvU said:
Aren't you supposed to separate in a different way ? In u(t) and u(x,y) for example :wink:

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don't know it is how the question is given in the book
 
  • #5
Well, you run into trouble with ##u_t=0##, so I suggest to try something different.

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  • #6
BvU said:
Well, you run into trouble with ##u_t=0##, so I suggest to try something different.

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something different ..
 
  • #7
Magnetons said:
Homework Statement: Apply the method of separation of variables ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)## to solve the equation .
Relevant Equations: ##u_{t}=c^{2}(u_{xx}+u_{yy})##

using the equation ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)##, first, I substitute the value of ##u_{xx}## and ##u_{yy}## in the given PDE. after that solve the ODEs but I can't understand about the ##u_{t}##.In my solution, I put ##u_{t}=0## because u is only the function of x and y. Is it the right approach, to me it seems wrong

If they wanted you to assume [itex]u_t = 0[/itex], would they not have just asked for [itex]u_{xx} + u_{yy} = 0[/itex]?

Perhaps you are expected to make the leap to [itex]u = h(t)f(x,y)[/itex].
 
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  • #8
pasmith said:
If they wanted you to assume [itex]u_t = 0[/itex], would they not have just asked for [itex]u_{xx} + u_{yy} = 0[/itex]?

Perhaps you are expected to make the leap to [itex]u = h(t)f(x,y)[/itex].
No ## u_t = 0 ## doesn't mention in question i assume it .
 

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  • #9
Magnetons said:
don't know it is how the question is given in the book
Yeah, they managed to confuse you (on purpose?) writing ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)## instead of ##u(p,q)=f(p)g(q)## or something less suggestive...

Your post #8 explains why. (and post#7 IS exercise 25 (h) ! )

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  • #10
BvU said:
Yeah, they managed to confuse you (on purpose?) writing ##u(x,y)=f(x)g(y)## instead of ##u(p,q)=f(p)g(q)## or something less suggestive...

Your post #8 explains why. (and post#7 IS exercise 25 (h) ! )

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how should I solve this equation
 
  • #11
pasmith said:
make the leap to [itex]u = h(t)f(x,y)[/itex].
 
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  • #12
Found a satisfactory solution ?

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FAQ: PDE and the separation of variables

What is a Partial Differential Equation (PDE)?

A Partial Differential Equation (PDE) is a type of mathematical equation that involves multiple independent variables, unknown functions, and their partial derivatives. PDEs are used to formulate problems involving functions of several variables and are particularly useful in describing physical phenomena such as heat conduction, wave propagation, and fluid dynamics.

What is the method of separation of variables?

The method of separation of variables is a technique for solving PDEs. It involves assuming that the solution can be written as the product of functions, each of which depends on only one of the independent variables. By substituting this assumption into the original PDE, the equation can often be separated into simpler ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that can be solved individually.

When can the separation of variables method be applied?

The separation of variables method can be applied to PDEs that are linear and homogeneous, and where boundary conditions are compatible with the product solution form. It is most commonly used for solving problems with simple geometries and boundary conditions, such as rectangular or cylindrical domains.

What are some common examples of PDEs solved by separation of variables?

Common examples of PDEs that can be solved using the separation of variables method include the heat equation, the wave equation, and Laplace's equation. These equations frequently appear in fields like physics, engineering, and mathematics, and their solutions describe phenomena such as temperature distribution, vibrations, and electrostatic potential.

What are the limitations of the separation of variables method?

The separation of variables method has several limitations. It generally applies only to linear and homogeneous PDEs with specific boundary conditions. It may not be suitable for more complex geometries or non-linear PDEs. Additionally, not all PDEs can be separated into simpler ODEs, limiting the method's applicability to certain types of problems.

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