Phase Current Sensing Circuit: Q&A

In summary, the phase current sensing circuit converts phase currents to voltages using a shunt resistor and opamp. The circuit can be divided into two sections, one with R45, R37, and C26 for filtering and the other for gain. The capacitor C26 does not add any significant phase delay, and the gain of the shunt amplifier is set to 15x.
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TL;DR Summary
Phase current sensing and the phase delay
This is the phase current sensing circuit
1689757794065.png


Here the phase currents are converted to voltages by passing through shunt resistor and fed to the opamp. Two questions i have
a. Can I analyze the R45, R37, C26 as one filter circuit and the remaining as other circuit for gain?
b. The phase currents are converted into voltages after passing through shunt resistor and are available at the output of the opamp. Does the capacitor C26 add any phase delay?
 
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  • #2
R45, R37, C26 has a product of about 100 ns, so it will only remove RF.

PhysicsTest said:
Does the capacitor C26 add any phase delay?
Not really. The TC is small compared to R55 * C32 = 1 us, which is probably an antialiasing filter before an A to D converter.

The gain of the shunt amplifier is set by series 1k + 1k = 2k input, to 30k output, gain = x15.
 
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FAQ: Phase Current Sensing Circuit: Q&A

What is a phase current sensing circuit?

A phase current sensing circuit is an electronic circuit designed to measure the current flowing through a particular phase of an electrical system. It is commonly used in three-phase power systems to monitor and control the current in each phase, ensuring balanced load distribution and protecting against overcurrent conditions.

Why is phase current sensing important in three-phase systems?

Phase current sensing is crucial in three-phase systems because it helps in maintaining system balance, detecting faults, and preventing equipment damage. By monitoring the current in each phase, engineers can identify imbalances, overcurrent conditions, or phase loss, which can lead to inefficiencies, overheating, or even catastrophic failures if left unaddressed.

What are the common methods for sensing phase current?

Common methods for sensing phase current include using current transformers (CTs), Hall effect sensors, shunt resistors, and Rogowski coils. Each method has its advantages and is chosen based on factors like accuracy, cost, size, and the specific application requirements.

How does a current transformer (CT) work in phase current sensing?

A current transformer (CT) works by converting the high current flowing through a conductor into a lower, more manageable current that can be easily measured by standard instrumentation. The CT consists of a primary winding (usually a single turn of the conductor) and a secondary winding that produces a current proportional to the primary current, allowing for accurate current measurement without directly interfacing with the high current circuit.

What are the key considerations when designing a phase current sensing circuit?

Key considerations when designing a phase current sensing circuit include the range of current to be measured, the required accuracy, the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.), the type of load (resistive, inductive, or capacitive), the isolation requirements, and the response time. Additionally, designers must consider the integration with other system components and the overall cost of the sensing solution.

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