Photon-Electron-Quanta: Explained Simply

[sinus]

I have three questions, and please can someone explain the answer as simple as possible.
1. What quanta means?
2. Why Planck said that energy is not continuous but quantized?
3. If we consideration light's behave as a particle, and photon is particle of the light, so is it true that not like the other particle that have electron, proton, and neutron, light only have foton? So foton is like the analogue of electron,proton and neutron? Or foton is just "particle's name" and it surely consist electron, proton and neutron.

 

[Drakkith]

1. What quanta means?

Quanta is the plural of Quantum, which, according to wikipedia, means: In physics, a quantum (plural quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity (physical property) involved in an interaction.

2. Why Planck said that energy is not continuous but quantized?

This is only true in certain contexts. The possible kinetic energy an object can have in free space is not quantized, but continuous. However, the energy given up by light of a certain wavelength upon absorption is quantized, meaning that it is transferred only in discrete amounts, not by continual transfer of energy. So, in other words, light with a wavelength of 500 nm that is absorbed by an object will repeatedly transfer about 2.48 eV of energy to that object, with light of a higher intensity having more 'deposits' per second than less intense light.

3. If we consideration light's behave as a particle, and photon is particle of the light, so is it true that not like the other particle that have electron, proton, and neutron, light only have foton? So foton is like the analogue of electron,proton and neutron? Or foton is just "particle's name" and it surely consist electron, proton and neutron.

The fundamental particle associated with the electromagnetic field, and by extension the electromagnetic force, is called the photon. It is distinctly different than electrons, protons, and neutrons. The latter two aren't even fundamental particles, but composite particles.