Piston/cylinder expands polytropically

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In summary, the problem involves a polytropic expansion of helium in a piston/cylinder system, with initial conditions of 500 K and 1200 kPa and a final pressure of 100 kPa. The final temperature, specific work, and specific heat transfer are unknown. To solve the problem, the equations U2-U1=1Q2-1W2, 1W2=P2V2-P1V1/(1-n), and PV=mRT are utilized. However, there is not enough data to use the equation P1*V1^n=P2*V2^n, and it is necessary to rearrange the equation to solve for V1. Assuming the gas is ideal, an equation involving P
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OsDaJu
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Homework Statement



A piston/cylinder contains helium at 500 K and 1200 kPa. It expands polytropically with n=1.667 to a pressure of 100 kPa. Find the final temperature, the specific work and specific heat transfer in the process

Homework Equations


U2-U1=1Q2-1W2
1W2=P2V2-P1V1/(1-n)
P1*V1^n=P2*V2^n
PV=mRT

The Attempt at a Solution



(P1V1/T1)=mR=(P2V2/T2)

I'm trying to plug that into this equation (P1*V1^n=P2*V2^n) to find P or T but I can't since I don't have enough data to use it.

I only have intensive information to work with. Can I assume that this is an ideal gas or should I look for the stage it is in? What am I doing wrong?
 
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  • #2
[tex]\frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}[/tex]


make V1 the subject and then sub that into P1V1n=P2V2n

You should then get an equation involving P1,P2,T1,T2 and n
 

FAQ: Piston/cylinder expands polytropically

1. What is a piston/cylinder expansion?

A piston/cylinder expansion refers to the process in which a gas confined within a cylinder is allowed to expand by moving a piston. This causes the gas to do work on the piston and increase in volume.

2. What is the significance of a polytropic expansion?

A polytropic expansion is a type of expansion in which the relationship between pressure and volume follows a specific mathematical equation. It is often used to model real-world processes, such as the expansion of a gas in an engine.

3. How is a polytropic expansion different from an isothermal expansion?

In an isothermal expansion, the temperature of the gas remains constant as it expands, while in a polytropic expansion, the temperature can change. Additionally, the mathematical relationship between pressure and volume is different for each type of expansion.

4. What is the formula for a polytropic expansion?

The formula for a polytropic expansion is P1V1^n = P2V2^n, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume, and n is a constant representing the polytropic index.

5. What factors can affect the polytropic index in a piston/cylinder expansion?

The polytropic index can be affected by various factors, including the type of gas being expanded, the temperature and pressure conditions, and the presence of heat transfer. It can also vary depending on the specific process being modeled.

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