Positive source for electromagnetic energy

In summary, the conservation of electromagnetic energy is expressed through the continuity equation, where the term -\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E} represents a source for electromagnetic energy. Typically, this term is negative and results in dissipation of energy through joule heating. However, in the case of a fast-moving charged particle being slowed by an electric field, -\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E} becomes positive and energy is added to the field. This results in the electromagnetic field gaining energy, which is often thought of as the charged particle gaining electric potential energy.
  • #1
ShayanJ
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We know that the conservation of electromagnetic energy is expressed via the continuity equation below:
[itex]
\large{\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}}+\vec{\nabla}\cdot\vec{S}=-\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}
[/itex]
with [itex] u=\frac{1}{2}(\vec{E}\cdot\vec{D}+\vec{B}\cdot\vec{H}) [/itex] and [itex] \vec{S}=\vec{E}\times\vec{H} [/itex].
It is obvious that the term [itex] -\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E} [/itex] is a source for electromagnetic energy and we know that its usually negative and electromagnetic energy is dissipated(through joule heating).
My question is,is there a physical situation in which [itex] -\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E} [/itex] becomes positive and,somehow,energy is added to the field?
Thanks
 
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  • #2
Sure. Consider a fast-moving charged particle being slowed by an electric field. The charged particle loses kinetic energy and the electromagnetic field gains energy. Often we think of the particle as gaining electric potential energy, but really this potential energy is the energy of the electric field.
 
  • #3
Oohh...of course!
You know...I was just looking for a special combination of current density and electric field and didn't remember this really trivial case!
But...how would you write [itex] \vec{J} \cdot \vec{E} [/itex] for this case?
Thanks
 

FAQ: Positive source for electromagnetic energy

1. What is positive source for electromagnetic energy?

Positive source for electromagnetic energy refers to any object or system that produces electromagnetic radiation, which is a form of energy that is created by the movement of electrically charged particles. This energy can come from a variety of sources, including the sun, light bulbs, and electronic devices.

2. How is electromagnetic energy created?

Electromagnetic energy is created when electrically charged particles, such as electrons, are accelerated or decelerated. This movement of charged particles produces a wave of energy that travels through space at the speed of light.

3. What are some examples of positive sources for electromagnetic energy?

Some examples of positive sources for electromagnetic energy include the sun, which produces a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and ultraviolet radiation. Other examples include x-rays, radio waves, and microwaves, which are produced by electronic devices.

4. How is electromagnetic energy used?

Electromagnetic energy has a wide range of uses in our daily lives. It is used in communication technologies such as radio and television, as well as in medical imaging techniques such as x-rays and MRI scans. It is also used in household appliances such as microwaves and in the production of electricity through generators.

5. What are the potential dangers of electromagnetic energy?

Electromagnetic energy can have both positive and negative effects on living organisms. While it is essential for many biological processes, excessive exposure to certain forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet radiation or x-rays, can be harmful and increase the risk of health issues such as cancer. It is important to use protective measures, such as sunscreen and lead shielding, when working with or being exposed to high levels of electromagnetic energy.

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