Potential difference in an electron refers to the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric field. It is a measure of how much energy an electron gains or loses as it moves from one point to another.
Potential difference and voltage are closely related and can often be used interchangeably. Voltage is the measure of the electric potential difference between two points, with one point having a higher electric potential than the other.
The primary cause of potential difference in an electron is an electric field. As an electron moves through an electric field, it experiences a force that causes it to gain or lose energy, resulting in a potential difference between two points in the field.
Potential difference is measured using a voltmeter, which is a device that measures the electric potential between two points. It typically consists of two probes that are connected to the points in the electric field and a display that shows the potential difference in volts.
The unit of measurement for potential difference is the volt (V). One volt is equivalent to one joule of energy per coulomb of charge. Other common units for potential difference include millivolts (mV) and kilovolts (kV).