Potential energy by concentric shells

In summary, the problem involves calculating the energy stored in the E field of a system consisting of two concentric spherical shells with opposite charges. The field between the shells is given by ##E = {Q \over R^2}## and outside the outer shell, the field is zero. The energy can be calculated using the formula ##U = {1\over 8\pi} \int_\text{region} E^2 dv## and the result is ##{Q^2 \pi \over 4 }\left(\frac1a - \frac1b\right)##.
  • #1
Buffu
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Homework Statement



Concentric spherical shell of radius ##a## and ##b##, with ##b > a## carry charge ##Q## and ##-Q## respectively, each charge uniformly distributed. Find the energy stored in the E field of this system.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



Field between ##a## and ##b## is ##\displaystyle E = {Q \over R^2}## for ## a <R < b##.

Field outside b should be zero as ##E_{t} = \dfrac{Q}{R^2} - \dfrac{Q}{R^2} = 0##.

So I just need to calculate energy inside the b and outside a.

$$\begin{align} U &= {1\over 8\pi} \int_\text{region} E^2 dv \\ &= {1\over 8\pi} \iiint_\text{region} E^2 R^2 \sin \theta dR d\theta d\phi \\ &= {Q^2 \over 8\pi} \int^{2\pi}_{0}\int^{\pi/2}_{-\pi/2}\int^{b}_{a} {1\over R^2} dRd\theta d\phi \\ &= {Q^2 \pi \over 4 }\left(\frac1a - \frac1b\right)\end{align}$$.

Is this correct ?
 
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  • #2
Buffu said:

Homework Statement



Concentric spherical shell of radius ##a## and ##b##, with ##b > a## carry charge ##Q## and ##-Q## respectively, each charge uniformly distributed. Find the energy stored in the E field of this system.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



Field between ##a## and ##b## is ##\displaystyle E = {Q \over R^2}## for ## a <R < b##.

Field outside b should be zero as ##E_{t} = \dfrac{Q}{R^2} - \dfrac{Q}{R^2} = 0##.

So I just need to calculate energy inside the b and outside a.

$$\begin{align} U &= {1\over 8\pi} \int_\text{region} E^2 dv \\ &= {1\over 8\pi} \iiint_\text{region} E^2 R^2 \sin \theta dR d\theta d\phi \\ &= {Q^2 \over 8\pi} \int^{2\pi}_{0}\int^{\pi/2}_{-\pi/2}\int^{b}_{a} {1\over R^2} dRd\theta d\phi \\ &= {Q^2 \pi \over 4 }\left(\frac1a - \frac1b\right)\end{align}$$.

Is this correct ?
Yes, it is correct.
 
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FAQ: Potential energy by concentric shells

1. What is potential energy by concentric shells?

Potential energy by concentric shells is a concept in physics that describes the energy stored within a system of objects arranged in concentric circles or shells, where the potential energy is dependent on the distance between the objects.

2. How is potential energy by concentric shells calculated?

The potential energy by concentric shells is calculated using the formula U = kQq/r, where U is the potential energy, k is the Coulomb's constant, Q and q are the charges of the objects, and r is the distance between them.

3. What factors affect the potential energy by concentric shells?

The potential energy by concentric shells is affected by the distance between the objects, the magnitude of their charges, and the Coulomb's constant. It is also influenced by the medium between the objects, as different materials have different dielectric constants that affect the potential energy.

4. What is the significance of potential energy by concentric shells?

Potential energy by concentric shells is significant in understanding the behavior of electrically charged objects and systems. It can be used to predict the interactions between charged particles and the amount of work needed to move them in a certain direction.

5. Can potential energy by concentric shells be converted into other forms of energy?

Yes, potential energy by concentric shells can be converted into kinetic energy when the objects are allowed to move towards or away from each other, or into thermal energy if there is friction between the objects. It can also be converted into electrical energy if the charged objects are connected through a conducting medium.

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