Potential energy equation to force equation?

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The discussion revolves around deriving the force equation from the Morse potential energy formula for a diatomic molecule, specifically N2. The potential energy is given by U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])², where De is the well depth, a is the width of the well, r is the atomic separation, and re is the equilibrium distance. The attempted force expression, F = 2aDe[e^(-2a(r-re)) - e^(-a(r-re))], is questioned for a potential sign error, as it was marked incorrect in an online homework submission. Participants are focused on identifying the source of the sign error in the derived force equation. The conversation emphasizes the importance of correctly applying the derivative in the context of potential energy to force conversion.
MattNguyen
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Homework Statement


The binding potential energy in a diatomic molecule (N2 for example) is often approximated by the Morse potential energy which has the form U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])2 where De is a constant that reflects the well depth (dissociation energy), a is a constant that reflects the width of the well, r is the distance between the atoms, and re is the equilibrium distance. Input an expression for the force as a function of the separation distance (r).

Homework Equations


F=-du/dx

The Attempt at a Solution


F=2a*De*[e^(-2a(r-re))-e^-(a(r-re))]
I'm just unsure about the re part. I feel like I'm almost correct.
 
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MattNguyen said:

Homework Statement


The binding potential energy in a diatomic molecule (N2 for example) is often approximated by the Morse potential energy which has the form U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])2 where De is a constant that reflects the well depth (dissociation energy), a is a constant that reflects the width of the well, r is the distance between the atoms, and re is the equilibrium distance. Input an expression for the force as a function of the separation distance (r).

Homework Equations


F=-du/dx

The Attempt at a Solution


F=2a*De*[e^(-2a(r-re))-e^-(a(r-re))]
I'm just unsure about the re part. I feel like I'm almost correct.
Looks ok except for the sign.
 
Which sign? I entered it into my online homework and it was wrong so that's why I'm asking.
 
Seems to be correct.
 
Now I have this
2 a De ( Exp ( - 2 a ( r - re ) ) - Exp ( - a ( r -| re ) ) )
and I inputted it and it says there's a sign error. I just have no idea where,
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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