Probability - Independence Question

In summary, the individual is struggling to understand the concept of independent events, specifically in relation to Venn diagrams and the mathematical equation P(A ∩ B) = P(A)P(B). They are also having trouble distinguishing between mutually exclusive and independent events. They are seeking clarification and a graphical intuition to better understand the concept.
  • #1
jmcgraw
70
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I'm trying to get the idea of independent events well grounded in my mind, but I'm having some difficulty.

First of all, what would a venn diagram for independent events look like? I know you have the two events intersecting, and the intersection is equal to the product of the probabilities of the two events... But all I can picture is a normal diagram of two events intersecting, which by eyeballing looks just like the diagram of any 2 events (depndent or independent). Is there something unique to the diagram of independent events?

Mathematically, I just need to know that [tex] P(A \cap B) = P(A)P(B)[/tex] . But I can't form a graphical intuition about this, which I think would help me a lot.

Incidentally, I can't help but keep picturing the venn diagram of mutually exclusive events as a representation of independent events... But I know that is dead wrong, since mutually exclusive events are dependent.

Can anyone help me clarify this in my mind? Thanks!
 
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  • #2
If B is independent of A, it means that the intersection of B with A is the SAME fraction of A's total area as the intersection of B with not-A is of not-A's area.
 
  • #3
If B is independent of A, it means that the intersection of B with A is the SAME fraction of A's total area as the intersection of B with not-A is of not-A's area.

I think I just got more confused. :smile:

Isn't the intersection of B with not-A the same as not-A? giving the fraction to be simply 1?

Obviously I must be missing something, big time.
 

FAQ: Probability - Independence Question

What is meant by independence in probability?

Independence in probability means that the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another event happening. In other words, the outcome of one event has no influence on the outcome of the other event.

How do you determine if two events are independent?

To determine if two events are independent, you can use the formula P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B). If the probability of both events occurring together is equal to the product of their individual probabilities, then the events are independent.

Can two events be both independent and mutually exclusive?

No, two events cannot be both independent and mutually exclusive. If two events are mutually exclusive, it means that they cannot occur together, while independence means that the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other event. Therefore, if two events are independent, they cannot be mutually exclusive and vice versa.

What is the difference between independence and conditional probability?

Independence and conditional probability are two different concepts in probability. Independence refers to the relationship between two events, while conditional probability refers to the probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred.

How is independence related to the law of large numbers?

The law of large numbers states that as the number of trials or events increases, the observed probability of an event will approach its theoretical probability. This law assumes independence between the trials or events. Therefore, independence is a necessary condition for the law of large numbers to hold true.

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