Problem calculating the force on a tube wall

  • #1
adam74269
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Homework Statement
A small ball, considered a material point, moves from point A through a tube whose axis of symmetry is in the plane of the drawing. Find the force exerted by the ball on the wall of the tube at point C. Ignore friction on the curved parts of the trajectory. The ball, after traveling a distance of ℎ0, detaches from the spring.

The following notations are used in the problem:
m (0,3 kg) - mass of the ball;
VA (0 m/s) - initial speed of the ball;
t (0,1) - duration of the ball's movement along segment BD;
f (0,1) - coefficient of friction between the ball and the wall of the tube;
ℎ0 (50 cm) - initial deformation of the spring;
h - maximum compression of the spring;
k (10 N/cm) - spring stiffness coefficient;
H - maximum height the ball reaches;
s - distance travelled by the ball before stopping.
α = 30°, β = 60°, R = 1m
Relevant Equations
mv1-mv0=∫G+F+T dt
G - gravitational force,
F - friction force
T - elastic force

(mv1^2)/2-(mv0^2)/2 = A
A = AG + AT + AF - work that was done by the forces
1716186688253.png
1716187561413.png


A-A'
(mv1^2)/2-(mv0^2)/2 = A
A = -AG + AT - AF

AG = mgh = 1.47 J
AT = k/2*h0^2 = 0.0125 J
AF = fmg*cos(60)*h0 = 0.0735 J

A = -AG*cos(30) + AT - AF = -1.334

A-C
(mv1^2)/2-(mv0^2)/2 = A
A = AG

C
NC + Gcos(45) - Φn = 0
 
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  • #2
"Find the pressure exerted by the ball on the wall of the tube at point C".
The ball has a specified mass, but is considered a material point, without contact area. The pressure must therefore be infinite.
Check the question, maybe you need to find the force applied by the ball on the wall of the tube at point C.
 
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  • #3
I'm going to try to use your notation for this explanation, hope it makes sense:
The energy you get for the A-A' region should be positive, and this is will give you your total energy which will remain constant until you reach B. Only fluctuating between kinetic and gravitational potential.
A = AT - AG - AF
Also, realize that when integrating hooks law we find the energy imparted by the spring uses x values of initial length from equilibrium and final length from equilibrium, the difference between these is h0. If the spring releases after or before reaching equilibrium your answer will change.
Assuming h>h0:
AT=∫kxdx = (kh^2)/2 -(k(h-h0)^2)/2

For gravity do not use H, the max height of the system. This is where gravitational potential is maximized but this tells us nothing about the region, A-A'.
AG = ∫Gdx = [mg(cosα)](h0) = mg(Δy)

The diagram does not display any dashed lines indicating friction in the region A-A', but if there is friction in this region similar to the friction in region B-D it will have the following work equation.
AF = ∫Fdx = ∫mgf(sinα)dx = mgf(sinα)(h0)

Then use conservation of energy to find the speed of the ball at point C,
A = AG(C) + KE = mg(Δy) + (mv^2)/2

Then use equations for circular motion to find the acceleration of the ball, and subsequently the force via newton's second law.
a = (v^2)/r = (v^2)/(2R)
Newton's third law states that the force on the ball and the force on the wall are the same. Both the Normal force and gravity are acting on the ball at point C.
 

FAQ: Problem calculating the force on a tube wall

What factors affect the force on a tube wall?

The force on a tube wall is influenced by several factors, including the internal pressure of the fluid within the tube, the diameter and thickness of the tube wall, the material properties of the tube (such as yield strength and modulus of elasticity), and any external loads applied to the tube. Additionally, temperature can also affect the material properties and, consequently, the force experienced by the tube wall.

How do you calculate the force on a tube wall from internal pressure?

The force on a tube wall due to internal pressure can be calculated using the formula: F = P × A, where F is the force, P is the internal pressure, and A is the surface area of the tube wall. For a cylindrical tube, the surface area can be calculated using the formula A = π × D × L, where D is the diameter of the tube and L is the length of the tube. Thus, the force on the wall can be expressed as F = P × (π × D × L).

What is the difference between hoop stress and axial stress in a tube?

Hoop stress and axial stress are two types of stresses experienced by a tube under pressure. Hoop stress (also known as circumferential stress) acts perpendicular to the axis of the tube wall and is responsible for the force exerted outward due to internal pressure. It is calculated using the formula: σ_h = (P × D) / (2 × t), where σ_h is hoop stress, P is internal pressure, D is diameter, and t is wall thickness. Axial stress, on the other hand, acts along the length of the tube and is typically caused by external loads or forces acting along the tube's axis. It can be calculated as σ_a = F / A, where F is the axial force and A is the cross-sectional area.

How do material properties affect the force on a tube wall?

Material properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elasticity play a crucial role in determining how a tube wall responds to applied forces. The yield strength indicates the maximum stress the material can withstand before deforming permanently, while tensile strength indicates the maximum stress before failure. The elasticity (or modulus of elasticity) determines how much the material will deform under stress. If the material properties are not adequate for the expected forces, the tube may fail or experience excessive deformation.

What are the common failure modes for tube walls under pressure?

Common failure modes for tube walls under pressure include yielding, buckling, and rupture. Yielding occurs when the material deforms plastically due to excessive hoop stress. Buckling is a failure mode that can occur in long, slender tubes when subjected to axial loads, leading to instability. Rupture occurs when

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