Proving Permutation Identity: Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n)

In summary, the identity Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n) can be proven by using the binomial expansion and exploiting the properties of binomial coefficients. This approach is more direct and intuitive compared to other methods such as induction.
  • #1
Brandon1994
9
0
1. Prove the following identity:
Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n)
from k = 0 to k = n


I've tried induction, and just played around with a few properties of permutations, but nothing seems to satisfy the proof, any ideas?
 
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  • #2
Hi Brandon1994! :smile:

If you choose n things from m,

how many of those n will be in the first n, and how many will be in the last n-m ? :wink:
 
  • #3
I would use a direct approach: Show that the left side is the number of ways to choose n elements out of a set of m elements. The sum is very intuitive if you see what it does.

Edit: tiny-tim, don't make it too easy ;).
 
  • #4
mfb said:
Edit: tiny-tim, don't make it too easy ;).

hi mfb! :smile:

i assumed he'd already tried to split the sum, and needed an extra hint :wink:
 
  • #5
Brandon1994 said:
1. Prove the following identity:
Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n)
from k = 0 to k = n


I've tried induction, and just played around with a few properties of permutations, but nothing seems to satisfy the proof, any ideas?


Hint: (n choose k) is called the binomial coefficient for a good reason: it appears in the binomial expansion! Exploit that fact.
 

FAQ: Proving Permutation Identity: Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n)

What is the purpose of proving permutation identity?

The purpose of proving permutation identity is to establish a mathematical relationship between different permutations of a given set of elements. This can help in simplifying calculations and solving various mathematical problems.

What is the formula for proving permutation identity?

The formula for proving permutation identity is Ʃ(n choose k)(m-n choose n-k) = (m choose n), where n and k are integers representing the number of elements being chosen and m is the total number of elements in the set.

How can permutation identity be proved?

Permutation identity can be proved using mathematical induction, where the formula is first verified for a base case and then assumed to be true for n elements. By using different combinations and rearrangements of the elements, it can be shown that the formula holds true for n+1 elements as well.

What are the applications of permutation identity?

Permutation identity has various applications in fields such as combinatorics, probability, and statistics. It is commonly used in solving problems related to counting and arranging objects, as well as in analyzing and predicting outcomes in various situations.

Are there any real-life examples of permutation identity?

Yes, permutation identity can be observed in various real-life scenarios such as arranging a deck of cards, selecting a committee from a group of people, or choosing a combination of toppings for a pizza. These situations involve selecting and arranging elements in different ways, which can be represented using permutation identity.

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