Question about orbital and spin magnetic dipole

In summary, the interaction between orbital and spin dipole moments plays a significant role in determining the magnetic properties of diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances. In diamagnetic materials, the spin and orbital dipole moments cancel each other out, resulting in no overall magnetic behavior. In paramagnetic materials, the two dipole moments do not cancel, leading to a net magnetic moment. This difference in behavior is due to the orientation of the dipole moments relative to the applied magnetic field.
  • #1
SR_0301
2
0
Hello guys, i want to ask you a question about orbital and spin dipole, and how this is going to influence diamagnetic or paramagnetic substances. So my question is: we know in a atom there is orbital and spin motion by electrons so possibly two magnetic dipoles. Is it correct to say that in diamagnetic substances, the spin dipole is equal and opposite to the orbital dipole, so when we provide a magnetic field we get induced magnetic dipole opposite to that magnetic field. And is it also correct to say that this is not going to show up in a paramegnetic substance because here spin dipole + orbital dipole is different from zero?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
See The Magnetism of Matter

That is Chapter 34 in The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Volume II. The website is hosted by Cal Tech.
 
  • #3
SR_0301 said:
Hello guys, i want to ask you a question about orbital and spin dipole, and how this is going to influence diamagnetic or paramagnetic substances. So my question is: we know in a atom there is orbital and spin motion by electrons so possibly two magnetic dipoles. Is it correct to say that in diamagnetic substances, the spin dipole is equal and opposite to the orbital dipole, so when we provide a magnetic field we get induced magnetic dipole opposite to that magnetic field. And is it also correct to say that this is not going to show up in a paramegnetic substance because here spin dipole + orbital dipole is different from zero?
Magnetism in diamagnetic materials is dominated by the intrinsic magnetic momentum of the electron spin.
A B field acting on this magnetic moment rotates it in the direction of B, so that mu is greater then one.
Magnetism in a paramagnetic material is caused by the field acting on the magnetic moment of the electron's orbital path. By Lenz's law, this rotates the dipole moment away from the direction of the B field, so that mu is less then one.
 
  • Like
Likes vanhees71

FAQ: Question about orbital and spin magnetic dipole

What is an orbital magnetic dipole?

An orbital magnetic dipole is a property of an electron or other charged particle that is associated with its orbital motion around an atomic nucleus. It is caused by the circular motion of the charged particle and results in a magnetic moment, or a small magnetic field, that is aligned with the axis of rotation.

What is a spin magnetic dipole?

A spin magnetic dipole is a property of an electron or other charged particle that is associated with its spin, or intrinsic angular momentum. This spin creates a magnetic moment, or a small magnetic field, that is aligned with the axis of spin.

How are orbital and spin magnetic dipoles different?

Orbital and spin magnetic dipoles are different in terms of their origin and behavior. Orbital magnetic dipoles are caused by the circular motion of charged particles, while spin magnetic dipoles are caused by the intrinsic spin of particles. Additionally, orbital magnetic dipoles can be affected by external magnetic fields, while spin magnetic dipoles are not.

What is the significance of orbital and spin magnetic dipoles?

Orbital and spin magnetic dipoles have important implications in the behavior of atoms and molecules. They play a crucial role in determining the magnetic properties of materials, such as their response to external magnetic fields. They also contribute to the stability of atoms and the formation of chemical bonds.

How are orbital and spin magnetic dipoles measured?

Orbital and spin magnetic dipoles can be measured using various techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. These techniques involve subjecting the sample to a magnetic field and measuring the response of the dipoles. Other methods, such as Mössbauer spectroscopy, can also be used to study the behavior of magnetic dipoles in materials.

Similar threads

I Question regarding how to interpret dipole moment for bound charges
Replies
1
Views
2K
I What is the origin of Lorenz force?
Replies
5
Views
1K
Deflection of magnetic dipoles by a magnetic field
Replies
2
Views
1K
Interaction between a neutral atom and an external magnetic field
Replies
2
Views
2K
How do scientists know the direction of Magnetic dipole moment?
Replies
2
Views
2K
I Magnetization inside a diamagnetic material antiparallel to ##B_{ext}##
Replies
1
Views
1K
I Direction of motion of particles with total spin under magnetic field
Replies
1
Views
1K
A magnetic dipole in a magnetic field
Replies
9
Views
3K
I Does Larmor precession change the force exerted on a magnetic dipole?
Replies
1
Views
967
Spin alignment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Replies
4
Views
1K

Hot Threads

Recent Insights

Back
Top