Question on special relativity

In summary, the colliding beam accelerator involves two proton beams of the same energy colliding with each other. In order to increase the chances of collision, the protons are concentrated into bunches, with each bunch being approximately 16.0 μm long and spaced 7.00m apart in the laboratory frame of reference. To determine the length of a bunch as seen by a proton from another beam, the length contraction formula and the relativistic velocity addition formula must be used. The time it takes for protons from one beam to pass by a bunch of protons from the opposite beam is dependent on the frame of reference in which it is measured and may require additional information.
  • #1
gaobo9109
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Homework Statement


In colliding beam accelerator, two proton beams of the same energy are made to collide with each other from opposite direction. To improve the chances of collision, the protons are concentrated within the beam into bunches. In the laboratory frame of reference, each bunch is about 16.0 μm long with an interval of 7.00m between each bunch
(i) What is the length of a bunch as seen by a proton from another beam?
(ii) How long does it take for protons from one beam to pass by a bunch of protons from the opposite beam?

I have found that the velocity of the proton is 0.492c from previous part of the question.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


(i) By using the length contraction formula, i can find the proper length of the bunch measured from the frame of reference of a proton in a bunch. I thought length of the bunch measured from the frame of reference of another proton beam should be same as the proper length since all proton beams travel at the same velocity. But this question is worth five mark, so i thought it might not be as easy as that

(ii) I feel that this question does not provide enough information. The question does not specify from whose frame of reference is the time measured. If the time is measured from the stationary frame, then t = 7/2v where v is the velocity of the proton. I am not sure whether i am correct about this.
 
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  • #2
The speed of the two photons is the same, but they are moving in opposite directions; so the velocity is not the same. You need to use the relativistic velocity addition formula to find the relative velocity of the two bunches, and use it in the length contraction formula.
 

FAQ: Question on special relativity

What is special relativity?

Special relativity is a theory proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905 that explains the relationship between space and time. It states that the laws of physics are the same for all observers in uniform motion and that the speed of light is constant regardless of the observer's motion.

What are the key principles of special relativity?

The key principles of special relativity are the constancy of the speed of light, the relativity of simultaneity, time dilation, length contraction, and the equivalence of mass and energy (E=mc^2).

How does special relativity differ from classical mechanics?

Special relativity differs from classical mechanics in that it takes into account the effects of high speeds and strong gravitational fields, while classical mechanics assumes that time and space are absolute and that the laws of physics are the same for all observers.

What are the applications of special relativity?

The applications of special relativity include the development of GPS technology, nuclear energy, and particle accelerators. It also plays a crucial role in modern physics, such as in the theories of quantum mechanics and general relativity.

Is special relativity supported by experimental evidence?

Yes, special relativity has been extensively tested and has been confirmed by numerous experiments, including the famous Michelson-Morley experiment. Its predictions have also been verified through various technological advancements, such as atomic clocks and particle accelerators.

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