Question regarding supermassive black holes in the early Universe

In summary, the current consensus in the field of supermassive black holes suggests that dark matter, a form of real matter that does not interact with the electromagnetic field, would have been present in the early universe. This is supported by observations of the cosmic microwave background. However, due to its lack of interaction, it is less likely to form accretion disks and be consumed by black holes. This leads to the paradox of early supermassive black holes being more massive than expected, as they would have consumed large amounts of normal matter but not as much dark matter. This also raises questions about the formation and evolution of dark matter structures in the universe.
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TL;DR Summary
are early SMBH actually mostly supermassive dark black holes?
I'm really curious about this, but I want to know how wrong I am. I've seen in a lot of content recently about how observations of early supermassive blackholes are observed to be more massive than they should be.

If I understand it correctly it has to do with the maximum rate a super massive black hole can consume matter. Specifically, though not entirely, for black holes that would emerge due to the collapse of gas, rather than gorging on early stars. At a certain point the accretion disk creates enough radiation pressure that it pushes the surrounding gas out, preventing further collapse, thus setting a limit on how fast it can grow. The age of the black holes contradict their mass, exceeding the theory. I know that the outward consensus does not represent the lively debated theories within the field. My curiosity is also two-fold; of course I could go and get informed about the different types of growing theories myself, but I want to see exactly how flawed my independent reasoning is, based of off the basic principles.

Now, if we accept the current consensus that (as I understand, please correct me if otherwise):
a) dark matter is a form of real matter that gravitationally interacts with matter but does not meaningfully interact with the electromagnetic field,
b) the early universe was dense/soupy,
c) analysis of CMB observations indicates evidence of dark matter,
d) then a + b would mean that the early universe must have contained significant amounts of matter and dark matter in close proximity, contrasting the modern universe where dark matter seems to mostly reside in halos around galaxies and intergalactic filaments,
c) if these massive black holes formed from large quantities of matter then does it not stand to reason that the dark matter mixed within would also follow, or vice versa?
d) if the latter part in, a, is true would that not mean that these black holes could consume dark matter at a continuous rate not limited by radiation pressure?
e) thus you can end up with a monsters just over 1b solar masses, before the universe even turns 1b yo, where 85% of its mass was gained juicing supplements that would be unavailable for those looking to gain mass later in the evolution of the universe.

To consider somewhat separate from my main line of reasoning, my lazy shower thoughts about the implication of my line of reasoning is that:
If dark matter particles, in their fundamental form, i.e. something equivalent to H+, are more massive then does it stand to reason that if both types of matter at the outermost reaches started collapsing very slowly the normal matter would, due to inertia, outpace the former. As normal matter starts to be pushed out by the radiation pressure from the accretion disk any further incoming matter would get crammed in as a ring/disk in a radius balanced by the force of the collapsing matter. The dark matter far out enough to be considered intergalactic stays like a hollow shell/halo along with other matter, connected to other such structures with a filament/string.

thanks
 
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  • #2
The lack of EM interaction makes DM unable to form accretion discs, therefore it's much less likely to end up in black holes. In a way, the same sized black hole provides a much, much bigger target for normal matter than dark matter.

In a gravitational field of central mass M, all masses m are accelerated at the same rate (when you can assume that the central mass M>>m). The inertial mass cancels out. So it doesn't matter how massive are the particles you consider.
 
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FAQ: Question regarding supermassive black holes in the early Universe

How did supermassive black holes form so quickly in the early Universe?

Supermassive black holes in the early Universe are thought to have formed through a combination of rapid accretion of gas, mergers with other black holes, and the collapse of massive stars. Some theories suggest that "direct collapse black holes" could have formed from the collapse of massive gas clouds without first forming a star, allowing them to grow quickly.

What is the evidence for the existence of supermassive black holes in the early Universe?

The primary evidence comes from observations of quasars, which are extremely luminous and powered by accretion of material onto supermassive black holes. Quasars have been detected at very high redshifts, indicating their presence when the Universe was less than a billion years old.

How do supermassive black holes affect their host galaxies in the early Universe?

Supermassive black holes can significantly influence their host galaxies through feedback mechanisms. The energy and radiation emitted by the accretion process can heat up the surrounding gas, regulate star formation, and even expel gas from the galaxy, thereby affecting its evolution.

What role do mergers play in the growth of supermassive black holes in the early Universe?

Mergers between galaxies can bring together their central black holes, leading to the formation of larger supermassive black holes. These mergers also funnel gas towards the center of the galaxy, providing additional material for the black hole to accrete and grow.

Are there any alternative theories for the rapid growth of supermassive black holes in the early Universe?

Yes, alternative theories include the formation of black holes from the collapse of primordial gas clouds without fragmentation, the existence of "seed" black holes from the remnants of Population III stars (the first generation of stars), and the possibility of exotic mechanisms such as the collapse of dark matter structures.

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