Radical Equation...Extraneous Roots

In summary, when solving radical equations, it is important to check for extraneous roots, which are roots induced by mathematical operations that do not satisfy the original equation. This can happen when multiplying both sides of an equation by something involving the variable, such as in the case of algebraic fractions. Squaring both sides of an equation is equivalent to multiplying both sides by something, and can also introduce extraneous roots.
  • #1
mathdad
1,283
1
When solving radical equations, we must check for extraneous roots. What are extraneous roots?
 
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  • #2
Consider

$$\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}=y$$.

Both
$$1-\sqrt5$$ and $$\sqrt5-1$$ give $$6-2\sqrt5$$ when squared, but only $$\sqrt5-1$$ can be a root as $$\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}$$ is positive. The "root" $$1-\sqrt5$$ is extraneous.An extraneous root is a root induced by some mathematical operation in the method of solving that does not satisfy the original equation.
 
  • #3
greg1313 said:
Consider $\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}=y$. Both $1-\sqrt5$ and $\sqrt5-1$ give $6-2\sqrt5$ when squared, but only $\sqrt5-1$ can be a root as $\sqrt{6-2\sqrt5}$ is positive. The "root" $1-\sqrt5$ is extraneous.

An extraneous root is a root induced by some mathematical operation in the method of solving that does not satisfy the original equation.

I totally get it. By the way, your LaTex is blocked by your typing work of letters.
 
  • #4
The same kind of thing can happen any time you multiply both sides of an equation by something involving the variable. For example, if we start with the very simple equation x= 4 and multiply on both sides by x- 3, we get x(x- 3)= 4(x- 3) which is the quadratic equation x^2- 7x+ 12= 0 which has solutions x= 3 and x= 4. Similarly, if you solve an equation involving algebraic fractions by multiplying both sides by the denominators, you may introduce "extraneous" roots that satisfy the new equation but not the original equation. "Squaring both sides of the equation" is equivalent to multiplying both sides of an equation by something.
 
  • #5
RTCNTC said:
By the way, your LaTex is blocked by your typing work of letters.

Thanks. I'll keep that in mind for future posts.

I've edited my post above.
 
  • #6
Cool.
 

FAQ: Radical Equation...Extraneous Roots

What is a radical equation?

A radical equation is an equation that contains a radical expression, such as a square root or cube root, with a variable in the radicand (the number under the radical symbol).

What is an extraneous root in a radical equation?

An extraneous root in a radical equation is a solution that does not satisfy the original equation. This can occur when the equation is manipulated in a way that introduces additional solutions that are not valid for the original equation.

How do you solve a radical equation?

To solve a radical equation, you need to isolate the radical expression and then raise both sides of the equation to the appropriate power to eliminate the radical. This will typically result in two solutions, so it's important to check for extraneous roots.

What are some common strategies for dealing with extraneous roots?

One common strategy for dealing with extraneous roots is to check each solution in the original equation to determine if it is a valid solution. Another strategy is to restrict the domain of the equation to only include values that will not result in extraneous roots.

Can a radical equation have more than one extraneous root?

Yes, a radical equation can have multiple extraneous roots. This can occur when there are multiple radical expressions in the equation or when the equation is manipulated in a way that introduces multiple extraneous roots.

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