Radioactive Carbon Decay: Determining Age of Animal Remains

In summary, the question asks how old animal remains are if they have a radioactive carbon activity of 3 counts per gram per minute, knowing that the initial activity was 12 counts per gram per minute and the half-life of radioactive carbon is 5000 years. The solution involves calculating the number of half-lives that have passed, which is equivalent to dividing the initial activity by the current activity. Therefore, the animal remains must be approximately 10,000 years old. The formula for radioactive decay is also mentioned, which takes into account the total decay rate and the number of radionuclides present in a sample.
  • #1
dansics
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This is the question which I'm working on:
When an animal dies the radioctive carbon content of its body has an activity of 12 counts per gram per minute. Some animal remains are found to have an activity of 3 counts per gram per minute. If the half life of radioactive carbon id 5000 years,how old are the animal remains.

My solution:
Decay rate reduced from 12counts/gram/min to 3counts/gram/min. Therefore it must have passed 2 half-lives. So two half-lives must be 5000 x 2 = 10 000.
Is my method right?
 
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  • #2
Yes, your method is right.

It can also be written as R=[tex]R_{0}[/tex] [tex]e^{-\lambda t}[/tex]

where the total decay rate R of a sample of one or more radionucclides is called the activity of that sample.
 
  • #3
Yes you are correct.
The formula is a little more complicated if the animal didn't have the consideration to die a whole number of half-lifes ago!
 

FAQ: Radioactive Carbon Decay: Determining Age of Animal Remains

1. How does radioactive carbon decay work in determining the age of animal remains?

Radioactive carbon decay, also known as radiocarbon dating, is a method used to determine the age of organic materials. All living organisms contain a small amount of radioactive carbon-14, which decays at a predictable rate over time. When an organism dies, it stops taking in new carbon-14. By measuring the amount of carbon-14 left in the remains, scientists can estimate how long ago the organism died.

2. What is the half-life of radioactive carbon?

The half-life of radioactive carbon is approximately 5,730 years. This means that after 5,730 years, half of the carbon-14 in a sample will have decayed into nitrogen-14. After another 5,730 years, half of the remaining carbon-14 will have decayed, and so on. This allows scientists to estimate the age of a sample by measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining.

3. What types of animal remains can be dated using radioactive carbon decay?

Radioactive carbon decay can be used to date organic materials such as bones, teeth, shells, and wood. It is commonly used to determine the age of animal remains, but it can also be used to date plant remains or other organic materials.

4. How accurate is radioactive carbon decay in determining the age of animal remains?

The accuracy of radiocarbon dating depends on several factors, such as the type and condition of the sample, the calibration of the equipment, and the skill of the scientists conducting the analysis. In general, radiocarbon dating is accurate within a range of a few hundred years. However, for older samples, the margin of error may be larger.

5. Are there any limitations to using radioactive carbon decay for dating animal remains?

Yes, there are some limitations to using radiocarbon dating for dating animal remains. For example, the method can only be used to date materials that contain carbon, so it is not suitable for dating inorganic materials. Additionally, the presence of contaminants or external factors, such as groundwater, can affect the accuracy of the results. It is also important to note that radiocarbon dating can only provide an estimate of the age of a sample, not an exact date.

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