Rating of Transformers: KVA vs KW

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In summary, the rating of a transformer is in KVA (kilovolt-ampere) and not in KW (kilowatt) because the unit for apparent power is VA, while the unit for real power is W. The relationship between the two is determined by the power factor. The load connected to a transformer may have a reactance that results in a power factor less than 1, meaning that the total power consumed by the load is its apparent power in VA, not its real power in W. Therefore, the power rating of a transformer is given in VA to account for this. For more information, you can refer to Wikipedia articles on AC power and power factor.
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ikram_dp
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why is the Rating of Transformer is in KVA and not in KW?
 
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VA (volt-ampere) is the unit for apparent power. W(watt) is the unit for real power. The relation between the two is:

[tex]real power = power factor \cdot apparent power[/tex]

The load that you may connect to a transformer could have a reactance which results in a power factor less then 1 for the load and so the total power consumed by the load would be it's apparent power (expressed in VA) and not it's real power (expressed in W). That's why the power rating of a transformer is given in VA and not in W.

Check this Wikipedia articles on:
AC power
Power factor
 
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thanx for help.
 

FAQ: Rating of Transformers: KVA vs KW

What is the difference between KVA and KW when rating transformers?

KVA stands for kilovolt-ampere and is a unit of apparent power, while KW stands for kilowatt and is a unit of real power. In simple terms, KVA measures the total amount of power that a transformer can handle, while KW measures the actual usable power output. KVA takes into account the reactive power that is lost due to the transformer's internal resistance, while KW only measures the power that is actually converted into usable energy.

Why is KVA used as the standard unit for rating transformers?

KVA is used as the standard unit for rating transformers because it takes into account the total power capacity of the transformer, including both real and reactive power. This is important because transformers are designed to handle both types of power, and using KVA allows for a more accurate measurement of the transformer's capabilities.

How do I convert KVA to KW when rating transformers?

The conversion from KVA to KW depends on the power factor of the transformer. If the power factor is known, the conversion can be done using the formula KW = KVA x power factor. If the power factor is not known, a general rule of thumb is to assume a power factor of 0.8, which would make the conversion KW = 0.8 x KVA.

What is a good KVA to KW ratio for a transformer?

The ideal KVA to KW ratio for a transformer varies depending on the specific application. In general, a ratio of 1:1 is considered good, meaning that the transformer can handle the same amount of KVA and KW. However, some applications may require a higher or lower ratio, so it is important to consult with a professional to determine the best ratio for your specific needs.

Can a transformer be overloaded if only KVA is considered?

Yes, a transformer can be overloaded if only KVA is considered. This is because KVA does not take into account the power factor or the actual usable power output. If the power factor is low, the transformer may not be able to handle the full KVA rating, leading to overload and potential damage. It is important to consider both KVA and KW when rating transformers to ensure proper usage and avoid overloading.

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