https://abc13.com/nasa-news-virginia-norwood-mother-of-landsat-celebrity-deaths/13051081/Virginia Norwood, a woman who changed the way we see the world, died over the weekend at the age of 96.
Norwood, known as the "Mother of Landsat," according to NASA, was a founding figure in the field of satellite land imaging. She designed and championed a piece of technology that is foundational to how we get images of the earth from space.
The pioneering woman graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and worked on several innovative programs that changed the world, NASA added.
She developed the Multispectral Scanner, which was key to the development of NASA's longest-running program for getting satellite imagery from space.
The Landsat program is a joint program between NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey.
https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/article/virginia-t-norwood-the-mother-of-landsat/Virginia Norwood, a pioneering aerospace engineer who had a pivotal role in finding safe Apollo landing sites, died at 96. A male colleague once quit rather than work under Ms. Norwood’s leadership. When he asked to return, she turned him down.
She embarked on a user-based design study that captured input from the who’s who of resource managers of the era: Ralph Shay from Purdue University; Arch Park from the Department of Agriculture; meteorologist and pollution expert Morris Tepper; and geologist Bill Fischer, hydrologist David Phoenix, and cartographer Alden Colvocoresses, all from the US Geological Survey (USGS).
She spent time in the field with agronomists as they measured light reflectance, counting photons with field spectrometers to assess plant health and uncover the spectral “signatures” of different crop types. She combed the data from laboratories like those at Purdue University and the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan that were flying multispectral imagers on planes.
“I had to talk to people in all kinds of disciplines that I had no idea about before, so I found it utterly fascinating,” she remembers.
She analyzed their input and put together specifications for what spectral bands a space-based instrument should include, what its revisit time should be, and what users needed in terms of geographic pixel location knowledge, spatial resolution, and spectral measurement accuracy.
“I tried to get an intersection of their needs and make the optimal specifications for the scanner itself which would satisfy the broadest range of them,” Norwood explains.
Virginia T. Norwood was an American physicist and engineer known as the "Mother of Landsat." She played a pivotal role in the development of the Landsat program, which is a series of Earth-observing satellite missions jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey.
The Landsat program is a series of satellite missions aimed at collecting remote sensing data of the Earth's surface. The data collected by Landsat satellites are used for a variety of applications, including agriculture, forestry, land use planning, and environmental monitoring.
Virginia T. Norwood is best known for her work on the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), the primary imaging instrument on the first Landsat satellite launched in 1972. Her innovative design allowed for the collection of high-quality, multispectral images of the Earth's surface, which have been invaluable for scientific research and practical applications.
Virginia T. Norwood earned the title "Mother of Landsat" due to her significant contributions to the development and success of the Landsat program. Her work on the Multispectral Scanner and her leadership in the field of remote sensing have had a lasting impact on Earth observation and environmental science.
Virginia T. Norwood's legacy lies in the enduring success and impact of the Landsat program. The data collected by Landsat satellites have been used for over five decades to monitor and manage natural resources, study environmental changes, and support scientific research. Her contributions have paved the way for advancements in remote sensing technology and Earth observation.