A scalar is a physical quantity that has only magnitude (size or amount) and no direction. Examples include mass, temperature, and time. On the other hand, a vector is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction. Examples include displacement, velocity, and force.
A scalar is represented by a real number, while a vector is represented by a combination of a magnitude (represented by a real number) and a direction (represented by a unit vector).
A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that can be described by a single number (magnitude), while a vector quantity requires both magnitude and direction to fully describe it.
Yes, a scalar can be negative, positive, or zero. This is because a scalar only represents the magnitude or size of a physical quantity, and this can take on any value on the number line.
The direction of a vector is determined by the angle it makes with a reference axis or by using the direction of its components. It is typically measured in degrees or radians and can be represented using a unit vector or by its direction cosines.