Semi-infinite + finite potential well QM

  • #1
Kyuubi
18
8
Homework Statement
A particle of mass m is subject to the potential given below (relevant equations) with V0 > 0.
Relevant Equations
\begin{align*}
V(x) = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}\infty& x < 0\\-V_0&0<x<a\\0&x>a\end{array}} \right.,\\
\end{align*}
I want to verify some inspection I'm making at this problem. Because of the infinite barrier at ##x=0##, we expect the wave function to take the value 0 there to preserve continuity. As such, we can make the conclusion that the wave function will just be a sine term in the [0,a] region.

But looking at the discussion of the finite well in Griffiths' QM, we are basically just taking the odd solution of the finite well, and instead of analyzing the ##x>0## half and saying that the ##x<0## region is replicated with ##-\psi(-x)##, we are just saying that the left half is 0. This is also taking into consideration the fact that the even part of the solution is also not included.

So the solution to this problem should simply just be the odd solution of the centered finite well.
Is this a correct assessment?

Note: I am only interested in the bound states here as of now.
 
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  • #2
Kyuubi said:
So the solution to this problem should simply just be the odd solution of the centered finite well.
Is this a correct assessment?
I am concerned about the meaning of "just be the odd solution". As far as sketching the wavefunction, yes. But you would have to recalculate the energies of the bound states. This situation is a hybrid of the infinite potential well and a square well with bound states. I would solve the problem formally by writing the solutions in terms of constants to be determined by matching boundary conditions etc. instead of "just writing the odd solution." Don't forget to normalize in the end.
 
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  • #3
I'd just solve the boundary problem. You have ##\psi(x)=0## for ##x<0##, which means that you need the boundary condition ##\psi(0)=0##. Further at ##x=a## both ##\psi## and ##\psi'## should be continuous. Then for the possible energy eigenvalues you can solve for ##-V_0 \leq E \leq 0## and for ##E>0##, separately. It should be clear then, which of these values refer to bound states ("discrete" energy eigenspectrum) and scattering states ("continuous" energy spectrum).
 

FAQ: Semi-infinite + finite potential well QM

What is a semi-infinite potential well in quantum mechanics?

A semi-infinite potential well in quantum mechanics is a potential energy function where one side of the well extends infinitely, typically characterized by a potential that is zero up to a certain point and then rises abruptly to infinity. This creates a boundary where a particle is confined within a finite region on one side and cannot escape to the other side.

How does the energy spectrum of a semi-infinite potential well differ from that of an infinite potential well?

In a semi-infinite potential well, the energy levels are quantized but generally lower than those in an infinite potential well due to the asymmetry of the potential. The wavefunctions are also different, as they have to satisfy boundary conditions at the finite side and decay exponentially into the infinite region.

What are the boundary conditions for a particle in a semi-infinite potential well?

The boundary conditions for a particle in a semi-infinite potential well are that the wavefunction must be zero at the infinite boundary (where the potential goes to infinity) and must be finite and continuous at the other boundaries. Additionally, the wavefunction and its derivative must be continuous across any finite potential steps within the well.

How does the finite potential affect the wavefunctions in a semi-infinite potential well?

The finite potential in a semi-infinite potential well affects the wavefunctions by allowing them to penetrate slightly into the potential barrier, leading to an exponential decay outside the well. This penetration alters the shape of the wavefunctions compared to those in an infinite well, where the wavefunctions are strictly confined.

What are the applications of studying semi-infinite potential wells in quantum mechanics?

Semi-infinite potential wells are used to model various physical systems, such as surface states in solid-state physics, quantum dots, and nanostructures. They help in understanding tunneling phenomena, surface electron states, and the behavior of particles in asymmetric potential fields, which are important for designing electronic and optical devices.

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