Series involving gamma functions

In summary, the given conversation discusses the use of Gauss' hypergeometric theorem to simplify a given problem, resulting in the expression $\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{\Gamma(a+n)\Gamma(b+n)}{n! \Gamma(c+n)}$. It is shown that this expression can be simplified further using the substitution $z=1$, resulting in the final expression $\displaystyle \frac{\Gamma(a) \Gamma(b) \Gamma(c-a-b)}{\Gamma(c-a) \Gamma(c-b)}$.
  • #1
polygamma
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$\displaystyle \sum_{n={\bf 0}}^{\infty} \frac{\Gamma(a+n)\Gamma(b+n)}{n! \Gamma(c+n)} \ \ c-a-b > 0$
 
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  • #2
I don't like this problem. It's really just Gauss' hypergeometric theorem in disguise.$ \displaystyle F(a,b;c;z) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{(a)_{n} (b)_{n}}{(c)_{n}} \frac{z_{n}}{n!} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{\Gamma(a+n) \Gamma(b+n) \Gamma(c)}{\Gamma(a) \Gamma(b) \Gamma(c+n)} \frac{z^{n}}{n!} $

$\displaystyle = \frac{1}{B(b,c-b)} \int_{0}^{1} x^{b-1} (1-x)^{c-b-1} (1-zx) ^{-a} \ dx \ \ |z|<1 \ \text{or} \ z=1$ let $z=1$$\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{\Gamma(a+n) \Gamma(b+n) \Gamma(c)}{\Gamma(a) \Gamma(b) \Gamma(c+n)} \frac{1}{n!}
= \frac{B(b,c-a-b)}{B(b,c-b)} = \frac{\Gamma(b) \Gamma(c-a-b) \Gamma(c)}{\Gamma(b) \Gamma(c-b) \Gamma(c-a)} $so $\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{\Gamma(a+n) \Gamma(b+n)}{n!\Gamma(c+n)} = \frac{\Gamma(a) \Gamma(b) \Gamma(c-a-b)}{\Gamma(c-a) \Gamma(c-b)}$
 

FAQ: Series involving gamma functions

What is a gamma function and how is it related to series?

The gamma function is a mathematical function denoted by Γ(z) that is an extension of the factorial function to complex and real numbers. It is often used in the study of series as it allows for the calculation of infinite integrals and can be used to evaluate certain series.

How is the gamma function used in the study of series convergence?

The gamma function is used to calculate the convergence or divergence of certain series through the use of the Cauchy-Hadamard convergence test. This test involves taking the limit of the ratio of consecutive terms in a series and using the properties of the gamma function to determine the behavior of the series.

Can the gamma function be used to solve problems in probability and statistics?

Yes, the gamma function is commonly used in probability and statistics. It is used to calculate the probability density functions for various distributions, such as the chi-squared distribution and the gamma distribution. It is also used in the calculation of confidence intervals and in the analysis of data.

Are there any special properties of the gamma function that are useful in series manipulation?

Yes, the gamma function has many useful properties that make it a powerful tool in series manipulation. These include the reflection formula, the duplication formula, and the recurrence relation. These properties allow for the simplification and manipulation of series involving the gamma function.

Can the gamma function be expressed in terms of other mathematical functions?

Yes, the gamma function can be expressed in terms of other mathematical functions, such as the exponential and trigonometric functions. For example, the gamma function can be expressed as the product of an infinite series involving the exponential function. Additionally, the gamma function is closely related to the beta function, which can also be expressed in terms of other mathematical functions.

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